We calculate the electrical conductivity in the early universe at temperatures below as well as above the electroweak vacuum scale, Tc ' 100GeV. Debye and dynamical screening of electric and magnetic interactions leads to a finite conductivity, σel ∼ T/α ln(1/α), at temperatures well below Tc. At temperatures above, W ± charge-exchange processes – analogous to color exchange through gluons in Q...

Electrical conductivity and permittivity of carbon black-polyvinyl chloride composites were studied over a wide frequency spectrum (dc, 1.3 GHz). Conductivity of the bulk composites increases with higher volume fraction of carbon black as expected. However, the functional dependence of the increasing conductivity with carbon black loading is different below and above the percolation threshold b...

The relationship of conductivity and the frequency, which is of decisive significance in through-theearth wireless communication in coal mine, is closely related to the options of frequency range in coal mine wireless communication. When through-the-earth wireless communication is applied, the electromagnetic waves need to spread in the semi-conductive medium rocks. The main factors affecting t...

We measured the ex vivo electrical conductivity of eight human metastatic liver tumours and six normal liver tissue samples from six patients using the four electrode method over the frequency range 10 Hz to 1 MHz. In addition, in a single patient we measured the electrical conductivity before and after the thermal ablation of normal and tumour tissue. The average conductivity of tumour tissue ...

The groundwater quality research is one of the important and its pollution control was included insome research literatures. Ground water quality has spatial and temporal variation so classical statisticscould not account these variations at the regional scale researches. This study usedgeo-statisticalmethodsto optimize an interpolation method in order to estimate the spatial distribution of pH...

We present a structurally flexible copper-iodide-pyridine-based coordination polymer showing drastic variations in its electrical conductivity driven by temperature and sorption of acetic acid molecules. The dramatic effect on the electrical conductivity enables the fabrication of a simple and robust device for gas detection. X-ray diffraction studies and DFT calculations allow the rationalisat...

We studied the spin state dependence of the electrical conductivity of the spin crossover compound [Fe(Htrz)(2)(trz)](BF(4)) (Htrz = 1H-1,2,4-triazole) by means of dc electrical measurements. The low spin state is characterized by higher conductance and lower thermal activation energy of the conductivity, when compared to the high spin state.

Introduction. The electrical conductivity of minerals increases with temperature and impurity content [e.g., 1]. Aluminum in orthopyroxene is one such impurity that has been invoked to fit the electrical conductivity of the deep interior of the Moon while maintaining subsolidus temperatures [2-4]. However, the required bulk alumina abundance in pyroxene is comparable to that inferred for the en...

OBJECTIVE Applied electrical current flows preferentially along rather than across muscle fibers, a characteristic called anisotropy. In this study, we investigate the alteration in muscle anisotropy after denervation. METHODS Eight adult male rats underwent sciatic nerve crush and the gastrocnemius was harvested from 1 to 2.5 weeks later. Muscle from 12 additional healthy rats was also obtai...

In this work, Ga-doped ZnO (GZO) thin films were deposited via radio frequency sputtering at room temperature. The influence of the Ga content on the film's optoelectronic properties as well as the film's electrical stability were investigated. The results showed that the film's crystallinity degraded with increasing Ga content. The film's conductivity was first enhanced due to the replacement ...