The aim of this paper was to investigate the recreational impacts on some soil properties (sand, silt, clay pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, bulk density, fine soil weight, compaction and saturation capacity), and litter (unit weight-mass, organic matter content (%) and organic matter mass) properties in a picnic area by comparing an undisturbed area in Istanbul Belgrad Forest-Turke...

Using the same colour scheme as the flow diagram above, Figure 2 shows how this conceptual framework applies for DC methods. The energy source is a pair of electrodes that inject a well-known current into the ground at known locations (Fig. 2a). The earth affects this energy because variations in the electrical conductivity of subsurface structures will bend the current flow lines (Fig. 2b). Th...

Control over the architectural and electronic properties of heterogeneous catalysts poses a major obstacle in the targeted design of active and stable non-platinum group metal electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. Here we introduce Ni3(HITP)2 (HITP=2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11-hexaiminotriphenylene) as an intrinsically conductive metal-organic framework which functions as a well-defined, tu...

The utility of an external structure-directing agent to induce orthogonal H-bonding-mediated programmed supramolecular-assembly and gelation of an n-type NDI chromophore is reported. Further, the effect of π-stacking and morphology on electrical conductivity of semiconducting NDI building blocks is revealed.

New developments in the nascent field of organic spintronics are discussed. Two classes of phenomena can be discerned. In hybrid organic spin valves (OSVs), an organic semiconducting film is sandwiched between two ferromagnetic (FM) thin films, aiming at magnetoresistive effects as a function of the relative alignment of the respective magnetization directions. Alternatively, organic magnetores...

Atomic and molecular junctions are an emerging class of thermoelectric materials that exploit quantum confinement effects to obtain an enhanced figure of merit. An important feature in such nanoscale systems is that the electron and heat transport become highly sensitive to the atomic configurations. Here we report the characterization of geometry-sensitive thermoelectricity in atom-sized junct...

Three-dimensional (3D) graphene-based composites have drawn increasing attention for energy applications due to their unique structures and properties. By combining the merits of 3D graphene (3DG), e.g., a porous and interconnected network, a high electrical conductivity, a large accessible surface area, and excellent mechanical strength and thermal stability, with the high chemical/electrochem...

Different types of curing compounds were applied to lab and field concrete at different times after casting. Two application methods, single and double layer applications, were employed. Concrete properties, such as electrical conductivity, moisture content, sorptivity, degree of hydration, strength, and permeability were evaluated, and the results were employed for assessment of the curing eff...

The decoupling and enhancement of both Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity were achieved by constructing the c-axis preferentially oriented nanoscale Sb(2)Te(3) film on monolayer graphene. The external graphene layer provided a highway for charge carriers, which were stored in the thicker binary telluride film, due to the extremely high mobility.

Time-lapse three-dimensional inversion of complex conductivity data using an active time constrained (ATC) approach" (2011).