We present here an atypical finding during an elective repeat cesarean section. Despite urine flow through an indwelling bladder catheter, bladder remains distended during the whole procedure. Unexpected anatomical variations and malformations can make routine surgery challenging. Urinary tract anomalies should be suspected in cases of unexpected difficult bladder catheterization.

This case report details the successful anesthetic management of a morbidly obese parturient patient who presented for a repeat, elective cesarean section. The preanesthetic evaluation and the indications for choosing a continuous spinal anesthetic are discussed. Evaluation of the anesthetic plan is also discussed through a review of the postoperative scenario.

This patient shows a rare phenomenon of schistosomal ova deposition on the serosal side of the small bowel without any pathology seen on the mucosal side of the small and large bowels. The patient was diagnosed accidentally during an elective cesarean section, when small nodules were seen on the small bowel surface.

Background: Cesarean section delivery can lead to much maternal morbidity. Different cytokines have been reported to be influenced by the mode of delivery. Objective: To investigate the influence of mode of delivery on maternal, placental and cord sera of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels. Methods: These three cytokines were measured using ELISA in...

Background: Spinal block provides excellent anesthesia for cesarean section, but it is frequently accompanied byhypotension, which if untreated can pose serious risks to mother and baby. Over the years, many interventions have beentried prevent hypotension, no single technique has proven be effective reliable. This study was carried outwith aim find wrapping legs with elastic crepe bandage in a...

Background: There is public health concern about increasing cesarean section rate. This study was conducted to evaluate cesarean section rate in our set-up. Material & Methods: It was descriptive study carried out in Gynae B unit, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, from January 2006 to December 2007. Patients who underwent cesarean section were included. Details of age, social status, parity, ...

Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is a benign renal tumor with a risk of rupture in intratumoral aneurysms. Although renal AML in pregnancy is rare, risk of rupture is greater. Management for AML and childbirth is important during pregnancy; however, it is undefined yet. We present a case of hemorrhagic angiomyolipoma in pregnancy that is effectively managed by immediate cesarean section and elective ...