a general robotic mechanism was presented for in-pipe inspection oflevel pipes with varied diameter or curved pipelines. the robot employed three legs comprised of parallelogram linkages mechanism which enables adapting to various elbow joints in the piping systems. the curvatures in pipeline are the most important constraints in front of the robot through navigation process. to study the adapt...

In this report, we present a case of lateral elbow dislocation treated with closed reduction. Lateral elbow dislocation is rare, and a closed reduction is reported with even less frequency. The reduction can be hindered by swelling and soft tissue interposition, and we describe the use of a nonoperative reduction technique performed under mild sedation with early physiotherapy to avoid joint st...

We describe a posterior approach to the elbow which combines the advantages of both splitting and reflecting the triceps. It gives protection to the ulnar nerve and its blood supply during the operation while providing excellent exposure of the distal humerus. During closure, the triceps muscle can be tensioned, thereby improving stability of the elbow. This approach has particular relevance to...

Elbow snapping by annular ligament is rare and may be difficult to diagnose, when this Epub ahead of print condition is not familiar. We report a case of elbow snapping by annular ligament diagnosed by ultrasonography, which was confirmed by arthroscopic observation. The ultrasonographic findings were thickening of the annular ligament and snapping in and out of the radiocapitellar joint during...

Osteoarthritis of the elbow has been recognized byveterinarians for many years to be a developmental diseasesyndrome in young dogs. It was not until the middle 1950s,however, that progress was made toward defining specificpathologic etiologies, with the elucidation of the problem of"ununited anconeal process." Originally thought to beanalogous to patella cubiti in humans,(13)the true nature of ...

Whether degenerative joint disease of the elbow may be the result of primary or posttraumatic etiologies, arthritis of the elbow commonly leads to pain, loss of motion, and functional disability. A detailed history and focused physical examination, in combination with imaging modalities, can help localize the origin of symptoms and help direct treatment. Although nonoperative treatment is the i...

BACKGROUND Synovial osteochondromatosis is a benign metaplastic proliferative disorder of the synovium characterised by the formation of multiple cartilaginous nodules in the synovium, many of which detach and become loose bodies. The disease is characteristically monoarticular, most commonly involving the knee. A site in the elbow was first reported in 1918 by Henderson, but any joint may be i...