irony is a mysterious communicative language between writer and reader and among its beauties, brevity and oddity and duality of meaning can be referred to. so it is considered as one of the best means of interpretation in an indirect way to reform society. this article elaborates on irony in terms of language and terminology with emphasis on the most important available works in this area. the...

traditions and manners of nuba is part of egyptian’s culture which is emerged in novelists’ works of nuba in various ways and most of the times they have been denied and objected; because ignorance and prejudice govern them, is routed in their culture and except in very few cases, they never change. the novel “playing over nuba mountains” by edris ali is one of the novels which is clearly analy...

The band-winged Pycnodictya galinieri galinieri (Reiche & Fairmaire, 1849) and its genus Pycnodictya Stål, 1873 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Oedipodinae) are recorded for the first time for the Egyptian fauna. The species was collected from Gabal Elba, in the southeastern corner of Egypt. This record expands the known distributional range of Pycnodictya galinieri towards the north of Africa. Descrip...

Rickets is a common and important complaint in Egypt. The statistics published by Shawki1 show that 50 per cent. of the Egyptian children between the ages of six months and two years have definite clinical manifestations of rickets. Such a high incidence of this disease in a country noted for its clear sky and abundant sunlight is naturally astonishing and the probable etiological factors conce...

This study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in fecal droppings of migratory Egyptian vultures (Neophron p. percnopterus) revealed eight positive samples (n=25) by a 16S rRNA gene-based PCR in two consecutive winter seasons. Disk diffusion sensitivity testing revealed three multiple antimicrobial resistant (MAR) isolates. Genotypic characterization showed mutually exclusive exo-s and exo-u virulence ge...

This research concerns with the architectural design process of the MultiArchitect Huge Projects in different countries from the world, in order to conclude a methodology for The Management and Organization for this very difficult and complex Process, that’s through (Theoretical & practical study) which includes analyzing for some remarkable huge projects as a case studies, The research also in...

BACKGROUND Autism is a biological disorder with clearly defined phenomenology. Studies from the Middle East on this topic have been particularly rare. Little is known about the influence of culture on clinical features, presentations and management of autism. The current study was done to compare characteristics of autism in two groups of Egyptian as well as Saudi children. METHODS The sample...

Previous studies indicated that populations consuming a Mediterranean diet rich in fiber, vegetables, and fruits have a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases than populations of industrialized societies consuming diets enriched in processed carbohydrates, animal proteins, and fats. To explore the potential contributions of gut microbiota to the observed diet-related ...

Vehicle Routing problem (VRP) is the challenging and sophisticated optimization problem which can be solved by various approaches like Exact methods, metaheuristic optimization algorithm and Mathematical approaches including linear and integer programming Techniques. Exact algorithms can only solve relatively small problems of VRP. Several approximate algorithms have proven successfully to find...