Guidelines from the American Heart Association (AHA) recommend that healthy adults limit their intake of dietary cholesterol to less than 300 mg per day. Since a large egg contains about 71% of that amount, the AHA recommends restricting egg consumption unless dietary cholesterol intakes from other sources are limited. We applied a risk apportionment approach to estimate the contribution of egg...

The evolution of reptilian viviparity (live bearing) from oviparity (egg laying) is thought to require transitional stages of increasingly longer periods of embryonic development in utero, that is, longer periods of egg retention by the gravid female. Studies on sceloporine lizards demonstrate that embryonic responses to egg retention that is extended beyond the time of normal oviposition range...

Caged Aedes aegypti were exposed to a range of concentrations of d-phenothrin, d-allethrin and tetramethrin in a wind tunnel. Mortality, blood engorgement and egg production among these mosquitoes and their progeny were recorded. Tetramethrin was the most effective (LC50 of 0.0017%), followed by d-phenothrin (LC50 0.0031%) and d-allethrin (LC50 0.01%). Blood engorgement was decreased by treatme...

The purpose of this study was to establish the effects of ultrasonic treatment of eggs on egg weight loss, hatchability, tibia mineral content, chick performance, and eggshell microbial activity. A total of 600 fresh eggs was randomly divided into 5 groups. Treatments were no ultrasound, 35 kHz for 5 min, 35 kHz for 10 min, 35 kHz for 15 min, and eggs sprayed with benzalkonium chloride solution...

Schistosomes cause significant morbidity and mortality in millions of the world's poorest people. While parasite egg-induced inflammation is the primary driver of host pathology, relatively little is known at the molecular level about the organ systems that participate in schistosome egg production (i.e., testes, ovaries and vitellaria). Here we use transcriptional profiling and in situ hybridi...

Life history trade-offs are often hierarchical with decisions at one level affecting lower level trade-offs. We investigated trade-off structure in female side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana), which exhibit two evolved strategies: yellow-throated females are K-strategists and orange-throated are r-strategists. Corticosterone treatment was predicted to differentially organize these females' ...

A longstanding suggestion posits that parents prefer to match nest volume and clutch size (clutch volume), but few studies have tested this in colonial seabirds that nest in the open. Here, we demonstrate the effects of nest-clutch volume matching on egg survival, hatching, and fledgling success in black-tailed gulls Larus crassirostris on Hongdo Island, Korea. We show that the volume mismatch,...

Vaccination remains the principal way to control seasonal infections and is the most effective method of reducing influenza-associated morbidity and mortality. Since the 1940s, the main method of producing influenza vaccines has been an egg-based production process. However, in the event of a pandemic, this method has a significant limitation, as the time lag from strain isolation to final dose...

in this study, high biocontrol potentially bacillus isolates, against root knot nematode were evaluated from viewpoint of biofilm formation and root colonization in vitro. among 139 bacillus isolates from tomato rhizosphere of several regions of razavi khorasan, 15 strains which show more ability to prevent egg hatch and cause larvae mortality of meloidogyne javanica, were tested in biofilm ass...

in this research, bacillus strains efficiency were tested to control root knot nematode, meloidogyne javanica .one hundred and fifty strains were isolated from tomato rhizosphere. antagonistic activity of strains on m. javanica was checked in vitro assay. nematicidal ability of bacterial suspension of 1 × 108 cfu/ml was investigated on nematode egg and larvae with three replication using random...