The QCD effective charge αg1(Q) is an observable that characterizes the magnitude of strong interaction. At high momentum Q, it coincides with running coupling αs(Q). low offers a nonperturbative definition coupling. We have extracted from measurements carried out at Jefferson Lab span very to moderately Q domain, 0.14≤Q≤2.18 GeV. precision new results much improved over previous extractions an...

The effective charge Z* is often invoked to account for the accumulation of counterions near the colloid with intrinsic charge Z. Although the ion concentrations c(i) are not uniform in the solution due to the presence of the charged particle, their chemical potentials are uniform everywhere. Thus, on the basis of ion chemical potential, effective ion concentrations c(i)*, which can be experime...

The electron-nuclear dynamics of the Coulomb explosion of a large polyatomic molecule, anthracene, is probed using kinetic energy distributions of produced H+ ions. The kinetic energy release of ejected protons exceeds 30 eV for anthracene exposed to 10(14) W cm(-2), 800 nm pulses of 60 fs duration. We propose a strong-field charge localization model, based on nonadiabatic dynamics of charge di...

Electron correlation effects play a key role in stabilising two-electron atoms near the critical nuclear charge, representing smallest charge required to bind two electrons. However, deciphering importance of these relies on fully understanding uncorrelated Hartree-Fock description. Here, we investigate properties ground state wave function small limit using various symmetry-restricted formalis...