Background: The number of interventional cardiology procedures performed has increased rapidly over the past years. While these procedures help physicians avoid using highly complicated invasive methods, it usually leads to high levels of exposure to ionizing radiation of both patients and cardiologist. The dose received by the cardiologist during interventional cardiology procedures is determi...

This paper clearly shows that the recently proposed terrain methodology of Lucia and Yang (2003) can be used to solve steady-state distillation problems in a reliable and efficient manner. Numerical results are presented that show that terrain methods are superior to Newton’s method and homotopy-continuation for distillation examples with multiple solutions. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights rese...

This paper presents the retrofit of five conventional distillation trains for the separation of quaternary mixtures of hydrocarbons for feed compositions with high or low content of intermediate components. The retrofit implies the incorporation of liquid or vapour recycle streams among the conventional distillation columns. Each recycle stream removes one condenser or one reboiler. The introdu...

A prototype distillation and storage system with recycle for producing ultrapure water was monitored for bacteriological contamination during a period of 24 months. Naturally occurring Pseudomonas aeruginosa and P. cepacia were found to grow rapidly to levels of about 10(5)/ml in water taken from the storage reservoir and also in commercially prepared distilled water. The system was found to el...

A suitable model for predicting the product quality of vacuum gas oil (VGO) catalytic hydrocracking is developed. Data were obtained using an experimental catalytic hydrocracking reactor loaded with the Ni-Mo/Al2O3-SiO2 catalyst. A set of experimental runs was conducted under various operating temperatures from 380 to 450 ℃. Three distribution models were used t...

ABSTRACT: This paper proposes the Model Predictive Control (MPC) scheme in a bubble cap distillation column . Even though PID controllers are widely used for the control of nonlinear system, there is a need for optimizing and conservation of energy. Here, MPC scheme is designed and it is used for controlling the composition in distillation columns.The tuning of PID controller is done using Sund...

An important amount of work exists on the topic of optimal operation and control of batch distillation though it is still based on the assumption of an accurate process model being available. While this assumption is valid from a theoretical point of view, there will always remain the challenge of practical applications. Reinforcement Learning (RL) has been recognised already as a particularly ...