Using the topological flux insertion procedure, the ground-state degeneracy of an insulator on a periodic lattice with filling factor = p /q was found to be at least q-fold. Applying the same argument in a lattice with edges, we show that the degeneracy is modified by the additional edge density E associated with the open boundaries. To carry out this generalization we demonstrate how to distin...

The interfaces of LaAlO3/SrTiO3 and (LaAlO3)x(SrTiO3)1−x/SrTiO3 heterostructures have been investigated by soft x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for different layer thicknesses across the insulator-to-metal interface transition. The valence band and Fermi edge were probed using resonant photoemission across the Ti L2,3 absorption edge. The presence of a Fermi-edge signal originating from the pa...

Quantum chemical molecular dynamics simulations of graphene nucleation on the Ni(111) surface show that graphene creates its own step-edge as it forms. This "step-edge self-assembly" is driven by the formation of thermodynamically favorable Ni-C σ-bonds at the graphene edge. This dynamic aspect of the Ni(111) catalyst is in contrast to the commonly accepted view that graphene nucleates on a pre...

In the present paper, fixed trace β-Hermite ensembles generalizing the fixed trace Gaussian Hermite ensemble are considered. For all β, we prove the Wigner semicircle law for these ensembles by using two different methods: one is the moment equivalence method with the help of the matrix model for general β, the other is to use asymptotic analysis tools. At the edge of the density, we prove that...

We present high angular resolution images of the H2 1-0 S(1) line emission obtained with the Son of ISAAC (SOFI) at the New Technology Telescope (NTT) of the Horsehead nebula. These observations are analysed in combination with Hα line emission, aromatic dust, CO and dust continuum emissions. The Horsehead nebula illuminated by the O9.5V star σ Ori (χ ∼ 60) presents a typical photodissociation ...

We propose an algorithm to determine stable connected dominating sets (CDS), based on the predicted link expiration time (LET), for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). The proposed LETbased CDS algorithm is the first such algorithm that constructs a CDS based on edge weights represented by predicted link expiration time, rather the traditional approach of using node weights like the wellknown maxi...

Magnetic abrasive finishing can be classified as a non-traditional super finishing method for finishing surfaces with different shapes and working materials like flat plates, shafts, bearings parts, screws, tubes and many other mechanical parts that need good surface finishing properties. MAF is effective in polishing, cleaning, deburring and burnishing metal parts. The most important parameter...

We show that quasiholes persist near the edge of incompressible Quantum Hall state forming a Wigner structure. The average density of quasiholes is fixed by electrostatics and decreases slowly with increasing distance from the edge. As we see from elementary reasoning, their specific arrangement can not be a regular Wigner lattice and shows a complex hierarchical structure of

Time-dependent two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations are carried out for tokamak plasmas with edge poloidal flow. Differently from conventional equilibrium theory, a density pedestal all around the edge is obtained when the poloidal velocity exceeds the poloidal sound speed. The outboard pedestal is induced by the transonic discontinuity, the inboard one by mass redistribution. The de...

Copper and zinc phthalocyanines and porphyrins are used in organic light emitting diodes and dye-sensitized solar cells. Using near edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy at the Cu 2p and Zn 2p edges, the unoccupied valence states at the Cu and Zn atoms are probed and decomposed into 3d and 4s contributions with the help of density functional calculations. A comparison with ...