FINANCIAL TIES BETWEEN COMPAniesproducingaddictive tobacco productsandcompaniesproducing drugs to treat or alleviate the addiction are a potential conflict of interest.Several typesof financial tiescanexist. For example, one company could be the sole supplier of a product that is needed by another company. Or, a company could be financially dependent on sales fromanothercompany.Corporatediversi...

1 With respect to the doubts about the results obtained in our study and the independence of the authors, we wish to point out that different agencies for the assessment of health technologies, such as the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, as well as publications in countries in which high quality antic-oagulation management is achieved with vitamin K antagonists, obtain re...

Designing a global pricing strategy for a new pharmaceutical product has become increasingly difficult as geographic reference pricing and parallel trade have introduced global price interdependencies between different nations. What may have been an optimal pricing strategy in a single country may no longer be optimal when considering the international ramifications of this price. The prices se...

AIM The main purpose of this study was to identify each sequential phase followed by an oncology product, from European assessment until to patient access in each Italian region (IR). METHODS A panel of oncology products approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) in the period 2006-2008 was considered. The explored sequential phases included the times to market for: the EMA; pharmaceutic...

In the last 20 years, orphan drug legislation (ODL) has been adopted in several countries around the world (USA, Japan, Australia, and the European Union) and has successfully promoted R&D investments to develop new pharmaceutical products for the treatment of rare diseases. Without these incentives, many life-saving new drugs would have not been developed and produced. For economic reasons, th...

AIM To determine the contribution of clinical trials to the gross domestic product (GDP) in Hungary. METHODS An anonymous survey of pharmaceutical companies and clinical research organizations (CROs) was conducted to estimate their clinical trial-related employment and revenues. Clinical trial documents at the National Institute of Pharmacy (NIP) were analyzed to estimate trial-related revenu...

This analysis examines the policy issues involved in the removal of sugar from paediatric medicines. It reports a study which investigates the perspectives of professionals, consumers, and the pharmaceutical industry. Interviews were conducted with: parents of children receiving long term medication, dental professionals involved in influencing policy or caring for such children, and drug compa...

OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of the European Union's Clinical Trials Directive on the number of academic drug trials carried out in Denmark. DESIGN Retrospective review of applications for drug trials to the Danish Medicines Agency, 1993-2006. REVIEW METHODS Applications for drug trials for alternate years were classified as academic or commercial trials. A random subset of academic tr...