Echo-planar imaging is a fast magnetic resonance (MR) imaging technique that allows acquisition of single images in as little as 20 msec and performance of multiple-image studies in as little as 20 seconds. Echo-planar imaging achieves its speed by obtaining all spatial-encoding information after a single radio-frequency (RF) excitation. Conventional imaging requires multiple-RF excitations, se...

Real-time, adaptive control is a difficult problem that can be addressed by EC architectures. We are interested in incorporating into an EC architecture some of the features that Holland’s Echo architecture presents. Echo has been used to model everything from cultures to financial markets. However, the typical application of Echo is a simulation to observe the dynamics of the modeled elements ...

Abstract The acoustic echo cannot be entirely removed by linear adaptive filters due to the nonlinear relationship between and far-end signal. Usually, a post-processing module is required further suppress echo. In this paper, we propose residual suppression method based on modification of dual-path recurrent neural network (DPRNN) improve quality speech communication. Both signal auxiliary sig...

Introduction: In functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), acquisition parameters must balance the tradeoffs between spatial coverage and resolution, temporal resolution, and signal contrast. Blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) fMRI studies commonly employ a 2D multi-slice T2*-weighted echo-planar imaging (EPI) acquisition to capture changes in T2* decay due to BOLD signal fluctuation,...

Introduction A newly introduced compatible dual-echo arteriovenography (CODEA) is a technique for simultaneous acquisition of time-of-flight (TOF) MR angiogram (MRA) and blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) MR venogram (MRV). The technique improved the previous dual-echo MRA/MRV technique (1), by maximally separating the K-space center regions for the two echoes achieved through an echo-spe...

The viscoelastic behavior of tendons has been extensively studied in vitro. A noninvasive method by which to acquire mechanical data would be highly beneficial, as it could lead to the collection of viscoelastic data in vivo. Our lab has previously presented acoustoelasticity as an alternative ultrasound-based method of measuring tendon stress and strain by reporting a relationship between ultr...

Introduction Recently, the gradientand spin-echo (GRASE) technique has been used to increase efficiency in Dixon fat-water imaging [1,2]. In these sequences, oscillating gradient lobes are carefully positioned between spin refocusing pulses to acquire multiple echoes with the necessary fat-water phase shifts. As it is necessary to collect at least two echoes with approximately π fat-water phase...

PURPOSE We developed and evaluated clinically T1-weighted three-dimensional gradient-echo magnetization transfer (MT) sequences for contrast-enhanced MR imaging of the brain. METHODS A short-repetition-time, radio frequency-spoiled, 3-D sequence was developed with a 10-millisecond MT pulse at high MT power and narrow MT pulse-frequency offset, and the enhancing lesion-to-normal white matter b...

SUMMARY In order to answer the question whether the atrium is a link in the pathway of ventricular reciprocation or whether the A-V node itself is the reflection point of the echo, a special stimulation program was followed in six patients in whom ventricular echo beats with stable time relations could be elicited by regular pacing of the right ventricle or by the application of appropriately t...