This paper focuses on optimizing the Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) scalar multiplication by optimizing one of the ECC calculations, which is based on the Mutual Opposite Form (MOF) algorithm. A new algorithm is introduced that combines the add-subtract scalar multiplication algorithm with the MOF representation to speed-up the ECC scalar multiplication. The implementation of the algorithm p...

Quantum Secret Sharing (QSS) is one of the important branch in Quantum Cryptography which combines Quantum with classical mechanics. The main objective of this paper is to propose elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) for solving heuristic attacks. The QSS and ECC methods has been tested in the following three quantum algorithms like Genetic Algorithm (GA), Tabu search algorithm (TS), Cuckoo search...

BACKGROUND Even though it has been widely studied, early childhood caries (ECC) remains a serious public health problem, especially in countries where there is no national program of oral health assessment and no genuine primary oral health care, such as in Kosovo. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of ECC and analyze caries risk factors. METHODS The subjects were 1,008 pr...

BACKGROUND Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is one of the most common chronic childhood diseases. In spite of the global decrease in dental caries in the past decades, ECC has become a significant problem in many developing countries and also in a few industrialized nations. Saliva as a host factor can play an important role in the process of dental caries. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to ...

Severe early childhood (S-ECC) caries has classically been studied as a disease, whose initiation and progression is determined by biological risk factors. In recent years S-ECC has begun to be associated to numerous social and psychosocial environmental conditions, one of which is parental stress. Our study set out to investigate the association of parental/caregiver stress as a co-factors to ...

A large number of choices exist when designing a reliable memory system. The choices range from simple replication to complex error control codes (ECC). An intermediate solution is to use combination of replication and simple ECC. Such a system consists of multiple memory modules, data stored in each module being encoded using an ECC. This paper compares reliability of memory systems formed usi...

OBJECTIVES Early childhood caries (ECC) is a particularly destructive form of tooth decay that afflicts young children. Although few prevalence data have been published for Manitoba, long waiting lists for treatment of ECC in hospital indicate that many children in the province suffer from this condition. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the prevalence of ECC and the oral heal...

BACKGROUND Severe Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC) affects the health and well-being of young children. There is limited research in this area, though evidence suggests that children with S-ECC are at an increased risk of malnutrition. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and S-ECC. METHODS This case-control study was conducted from 2009 ...

To assess age and gender differences in muscle strength, isometric, concentric (Con), and eccentric (Ecc) peak torque was measured in the knee extensors at a slow (0.52 rad/s) and fast (3.14 rad/s) velocity in 654 subjects (346 men and 308 women, aged 20-93 yr) from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Regression analysis revealed significant (P < 0.001) age-related reductions in Con and ...

Unaccustomed strenuous exercise, especially that from eccentric muscular work, often causes muscle tenderness, which is a kind of mechanical hyperalgesia. We developed an animal model of delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) from eccentric muscular contraction (ECC) in rats and demonstrated the existence of muscle tenderness by means of behavioral pain tests and c-Fos protein expression in the s...