We have previously reported B lymphocyte plasma membrane depolarization resultant from receptor immunoglobulin cross-linking by anti-immunoglobulin (1) and specific antigen (2). These findings extend observations of Taki (3) and Kiefer et al. (4), who have reported an early decrease in the plasma membrane potential ofT and B lymphocytes in response to mitogens. The mutually exclusive induction ...

The neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is expressed by one-third of adult rat lumbar dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, many of which mediate pain sensation or cause vasodilation. The factors that regulate the developmental expression of CGRP are poorly understood. Embryonic DRG neurons initially lack CGRP. When these neurons were stimulated in culture by serum or persistent 5...

The slow tonic responses of the anterior byssus retractor of Mytilus edulis to rapid cooling were investigated by simultaneously recording tension and resting potential changes after soaking the muscle in banthine, a powerful neuromuscular blocking agent. The quantitative relations between the amount of cooling and the amount of associated depolarization necessary for contraction at various con...

Neuronal activity greatly influences the formation and stabilization of synapses. Although receptors for sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a lipid mediator regulating diverse cellular processes, are abundant in the central nervous system, neuron-specific functions of S1P remain largely undefined. Here, we report two novel actions of S1P using primary hippocampal neurons as a model system: (i) as a...

The neuronal modifications that underlie associative memory in Hermissenda have their origins in a synaptic interaction between the visual and vestibular systems, and can be mimicked by contiguous in vitro stimulation of these converging pathways. At the offset of vestibular stimulation (i.e., hair cell activity), the B photoreceptors are briefly released from synaptic inhibition resulting in a...

conclusions we can remove the ureteral stent earlier after kidney transplantation with no increase in the prevalence of surgical complications. patients and methods all patients who underwent kidney transplantation from may 2011 until march 2012 in modarres hospital were included in this study. we classified the patients into three groups, based on time of stent removal (10, 20, and 30 days aft...

Willenborg M, Belz M, Schumacher K, Paufler A, Hatlapatka K, Rustenbeck I. Ca -dependent desensitization of insulin secretion by strong potassium depolarization. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 303: E223–E233, 2012. First published May 1, 2012; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00010.2012.—Depolarization by a high K concentration is a widely used experimental tool to stimulate insulin secretion. The effects oc...

observed neither on metabolic deprivation nor on depolarization, but only after treatment with excitotoxins [7,9]. In related experiments (results not shown) using ‘T-m.r. to study flux through metabolic pathways, we observed quite different patterns between these various insults. NMDA caused rapidly decreased N-acetylaspartate and increased lactate, with slow decreases in pool sizes of amino a...