Habitat use may lead to variation in diversity among evolutionary lineages because habitats differ in the variety of ways they allow for species to make a living. Here, we show that structural habitats contribute to differential diversification of limb and body form in dragon lizards (Agamidae). Based on phylogenetic analysis and ancestral state reconstructions for 90 species, we find that mult...

Natural and anthropogenic disturbances alter canopy structure, understory vegetation, amount of woody debris, and the litter and soil layers in forest ecosystems. These environmental changes impact forest communities, including ground-dwelling invertebrates that are key regulators of ecosystem processes. Variation in frequency, intensity, duration, and spatial scale of disturbances affect the m...

Nutritional health of community-dwelling elders has been shown to be one of the prime indices of health, influencing the elders' ability to live independently. However, little research has been directed toward understanding the dynamics of nutritional health in community-dwelling elders using a multidimensional theory approach. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of nutrition...

Abstract. The fossil record of marine microplankton provides insights into the evolutionary drivers which led to origin modern deep-water plankton, one largest components ocean biomass. We use global abundance and biogeographic data, combined with depth habitat reconstructions, determine environmental mechanisms behind speciation in two groups pelagic microfossils over past 15 Myr. compare our ...

This thematic issue re-articulates the question of housing as an architectural and planning problem examines how architecture can contribute to reduce divorce between provision research. The articles included in investigate terminology used designate a way relation housing, architecture, planning, theorize language emergence new varied modes inhabiting. Built on heterogeneous corpus terms, offe...

primary man in trying to find food went everywhere. but by forming ranching arranged a chain of places and became emigrant. by happening industrial revolution, human life was centralized on one place.  places that base on its advantages make different biologic and behavioral types. forming cities in seaboard, river shore, boundary of mountains and champaign cause to make different cultures that...

Abstract Space Syntax researchers have asserted that the spatial configuration of planning a work architecture, such as house, reflects how social properties are inscribed in its design. In housing, inscriptions through space, which promote particular way dwelling, not initially determined by inhabitants. However, appropriation, inhabitants mold space to their liking, challenging preconceived w...

After decades of research, we are starting to understand more about why the number of species varies from place to place on the planet. However, little is known about spatial variation in abundance, especially for soil-dwelling organisms. In this study, we aimed to disentangle the relative influences of climatic factors, soil properties, and plant diversity on the abundance of soil-dwelling inv...

INTRODUCTION American cockroaches, Periplaneta americana, are the most important pests in hospitals and dwelling environments. They are mechanical vectors of some bacterial pathogens. GOAL The present investigation was carried out in Ghods hospital and 5 dwelling localities of Paveh city to evaluate bacterial infestations of American cockroaches in this region of Iran. METHODS The samples w...