Neuroprosthetics is at the intersection of neuroscience, biomedical engineering, and physics. A biocompatible neuroprosthesis contains artificial neurons exhibiting biophysically plausible dynamics. Hybrid systems analysis could be used to prototype such artificial neurons. Biohybrid systems are composed of artificial and living neurons coupled via real-time computing and dynamic clamp. Model n...

Over the last decade a large number of routing protocols has been designed for achieving energy efficiency in data collecting wireless sensor networks. The drawbacks of using a static sink are well known. It has been argued in the literature that a mobile sink may improve the energy dissipation compared to a static one. Some authors focus on minimizing Emax, the maximum energy dissipation of an...

Train crew management involves the development of a duty timetable for each of the drivers (crew) to cover a given train timetable in a rail transport organization. This duty timetable is spread over a certain period, known as the roster planning horizon. Train crew management may arise either from the planning stage, when the total number of crew and crew distributions are to be determined, or...

The first major concern in clocking an SCF is the clock's duty cycle. Deviation from the range specified by most manufacturers (40% to 60%) produces inadequate settling of the switched-capacitor element, which can cause signal distortion, inaccurate filter response, and signal attenuation. Most sources inherently produce the desired 50% duty cycle; if not, that performance can be ensured by des...

This paper presents a clock frequency doubler, having the function of automatic adjustable duty cycle without feedback loops. The duty cycle amount can be automatically adjustable using digitized delay block and a counter. This simplifies the design structure and allows the circuit to operate over a wide range of input frequency variation. The simulation results show that this frequency doubler...

The study of advanced modulation formats for high speed internet services using potentially the bandwidth of single mode embedded fiber is very important.An investigation is done on ITU-T G 6.652(single mode fiber) ,6.653 and 6.655 transmission fibers for RZ pulse with different duty cycle. The variation of Q-value and BER versus distance for different duty cycle for different fibers is compare...

In Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), the IEEE 802.15.4 (Zigbee) protocol stack is a promising technology to attain minimum power transmission in the minimum-rate and short rangewireless Personal Area Network (PAN). The cluster tree topology of IEEE 802.15.4 consists of a PAN coordinator, cluster coordinator and numerous sensor devices. During a period of time, the PAN coordinator transmits the bea...

Network throughput and energy conservation are two conflicting important performance metrics for wireless sensor networks. Since these two objectives are in conflict with each other, it is difficult to achieve them simultaneously. In this paper, a joint duty cycle scheduling and energy aware routing approach is proposed based on evolutionary game theory which is called DREG. Making a trade-off ...

1. The normalized force or power developed during each of a series of repeated contractions was averaged over the entire cycle of activity and rest to provide a measure of performance referred to as sustained force or sustained power. We tested the hypotheses that compared with slow soleus muscles, fast extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles would attain lower maximum values of sustained force...