Motivation and Objectives Over the past years, different measures have been adopted to increase crop production including chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and more recently genetic manipulation of plants. Such methods are costly tools for increasing the yield. In addition, side effects such as nutrient leakage, development of pesticide resistant strains, and negative effects on the environm...

Wheat is one of the world's most favoured food sources, reaching millions of people on a daily basis. However, its production has climatic consequences. Fuel, inorganic fertilizers and pesticides used in wheat production emit greenhouse gases that can contribute negatively to climate change. It is unknown whether adopting alternative farming practices will increase crop yield while reducing car...

The decreased soil carrying capacity is due to reduced organic matter content, caused by disproportionally larger use of inorganic fertilizers and synthetic chemical pesticides in farming activities than environmentally friendly weeds, disease, insect pests control materials. Reducing the could be done using production facilities agriculture form non-chemical on a scale, which base materials ar...

abstract:background and objectivesenvironmental is one of the most important components of global macro policies, therefore, one of the main prerequisite of many activities in macro level is compatibility with environment. environmental pollution is one of the most significant challenges that is faced by human society in 21st century. agriculture sector compare to the other other sectors of eco...

BACKGROUND Farming has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the role of pesticides is not known. OBJECTIVES We examined associations between RA and pesticides or other agricultural exposures among female spouses of licensed pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study. METHODS Women were enrolled between 1993 and 1997 and followed through 2010. Cases (n = 275 total,...