this paper is an attempt to examine, with narrative explanation technique, the notion of the “other” in the history of iran’s foreign relations from the perspective of historical sociology in international relations. it covers the historical period following the founding of the safavid state in 1502 a.d. through the first decade of the islamic republic (1989 a. d.). from the perspective of how ...

this paper discusses the number of scholars and their scientific interests in the reign of bu-veyhid. buveyhid the most important iranian-shi ‘it dynasties appeared in the early era of islam. they were so powerful that the abbasid caliphs had to obey them. according to their shi ‘it religion, they practiced the idea of democracy and all sects were free in their reign. according to the survey mo...

it seems that in spite of huge investments made in history of iranian medicine in recent years, the investments and the perspective of results obtained in studies of history of the islamic era medicine is not what was expected. a reason for this phenomenon can be absence of perspective and theoretical studies in this field. in this study, after explaining the how’s and why’s of the theory devel...

studying juridical and legal nature of time sharing samad hazrati[1]   abstract in the modern era, which is called communication era, the effect and influence of legal systems are inevitable, since industrial development, technology, sciences and human knowledge result in  new  events in different fields such as legal regulations and vast relationships among the nations and states result in tra...

study of the works left behind from the pre-islamic culture of iran and the periods after that indicate the fact that growing the hair of one’s head and beard has not been regarded as a negative point. the faces of noble and the common people, the akaemenid kings, and the sasanid clerics indicate that shaving the head and face in the pre-islamic era had been almost unknown, except in some rare ...