Temporal fluctuations in the annual and summer precipitation across the Midwest during the 1898-2002 period are defined and described. Precipitation amounts were assessed for 15-year periods to show how patterns of precipitation have shifted spatially over the 20 Century. The early part of the century featured near average precipitation conditions, followed by predominately dry conditions from ...

Relationship between postpartal fatty liver and thyroid gland activity during the peripartal and mid dry periods was studied. Twenty one dry cows were chosen. Blood samples were obtained on days -30, -2, and +12 related to calving and analized for thyroxine (T(4)) and triiodothyronine (T(3)). A T(3)/T(4) ratio was calculated. Liver tissue samples were taken 12 d after calving and tested for the...

introduction: a total dissolved solid (tds) is an important indicator for water quality assesment. since the composition of mineral salts and discharge affects the tds of water, it is important to understand the relationships of mineral salts composition with tds. materials and methods: in this study, methods of artificial neural networks with five different training algorithm,levenberg-marquar...

This paper introduces a novel method for monitoring contamination levels on high voltage insulators based on microwave radiometry. The microwave radiometer described measures energy emitted from the contamination layer and could provide a safe, reliable, contactless monitoring method that is effective under dry conditions. The relationship between equivalent salt deposit density and radiometer ...

Water soluble organic compounds (WSOC) in aerosol samples collected in the Amazon Basin in a period encompassing the middle/late dry season and the beginning of the wet season, were investigated by H NMR spectroscopy. HiVol filter samples (PM2.5 and PM>2.5) and size-segregated samples from multistage impactor were subjected to H NMR characterization. The H NMR methodology, recently developed fo...

Vegetation growth is interactively controlled by hydrothermal conditions and the associated biophysiological changes. These factors have experienced dramatic changes over past decades in Central Asia, where vegetation primarily constrained soil water availability. However, we limited understanding of time scales underlying drivers for responses to variations availability between wet dry periods...