Abstract Background and Objective: According to the issue of dependence and tolerance in addicted patients, the inefficiency of existing treatments and the new recommendation for drug combination therapy for diseases in modern pharmacology, the present study examined the effect of methadone and valproate combination on morphine dependence and tolerance. Materials and Methods: Ninety-eight male ...

AIM To survey and assess the drug dependence and abuse potential liability of buprenorphine among opiate abusers. METHODS Subjects of opiate dependence with history of buprenorphine use for 3 d at least were surveyed by interview. Physical dependence of buprenorphine was assessed using 30 items opiate withdrawal scale (OWS), which composed of 30 symptoms/signs. A 4-point scale was used to rat...

Three drugs are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treating alcoholism: disulfiram, naltrexone, and acamprosate. Drugs approved for other indications that are being used experimentally or "off-label" include nalmafene, topiramate, and ondansetron. As we learn more about the pathophysiologic basis of alcoholism, it is hoped that novel drugs can be developed to help people with a...

A large proportion of patients treated for substance dependencies have attempted suicide. Scarce empirical evidence exists regarding their prognosis. Data from the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Survey were analyzed to determine the course of depression and substance dependence of 416 suicide attempters one year after discharge. The likelihood of recovery from drug dependence did not differ betwe...

CONTEXT Most estimated associations of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with DSM-IV drug dependence and abuse are from cross-sectional studies or from prospective studies of adults that generally do not take into account suspected causal determinants measured in early childhood. OBJECTIVE To estimate risk for incident drug disorders associated with prior DSM-IV PTSD. DESIGN Multiwave lo...

abused in humans increases the reward value of ICSS, Department of Neuropharmacology and drug withdrawal decreases the reward value of ICSS The Scripps Research Institute (reviewed by Koob et al., 1993). The increases in reward La Jolla, California 92037 threshold or decreases in reward have been observed following the withdrawal of opiates, stimulants, and al-Drug addiction is usually defined ...

Through epidemiological method, prevalence of drug dependence in the four villages of Panjgur is estimated to be 3.37% of the population.. Cannabis was found to be abused by 1.13%, opium 0.5% and heroin 0.64%. The difference between the estimates of heroin abuse made earlier through information from patients and the current survey is more than five times. It is suggested that currently used est...

A study of the whole spectrum of drug incidents dealt with in one month by 62 casualty departments in the Greater London area was carried out in the summer of 1975. Apart from demonstrating the large number of such incidents, this preliminary report presents an analysis of the drugs responsible for these episodes, basic demographic characteristics of the drug users, and an estimate of the contr...