Increasing demands for water, discharge of effluents, and variable rainfall have a negative impact on water quality in the Olifants River. Crocodile and fish mortalities attributed to pansteatitis, in Loskop Dam and downstream in the Kruger National Park (KNP), have highlighted the serious effects these impacts are having on aquatic ecosystems. Flag Boshielo Dam is a reservoir on the Olifants R...

Stomata1 closure during yriods of moisture deficiency should theoretically lead to elevated C/12C ratios as reduction of available C02 leads to diminished photosynthetic discrimination against 13c in favor of 12C. Stable-carbon isotope ratio chronologies developed from 5-yr tree-ring groups at 17 sites in six southwestern states were tested for a drought relationship by first fitting a spline c...

To determine the biochemical basis of osmotic adjustment, seasonal and treatment differences in foliar water- soluble organic solutes and inorganic ions were investigated for two hardwood species that exhibited osmotic adjustment in a Throughfall Displacement Experiment at the Walker Branch Watershed near Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Leaf samples of overstory and understory chestnut oak (Quercus prinu...

We identified the spatiotemporal patterns of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for the years 1982-2008 in the desert areas of Northwest China and quantified the impacts of climate and non-climate factors on NDVI changes. The results indicate that although the mean NDVI has improved in 24.7% of the study region; 16.3% among the region has been stagnating in recent years and only ...

Abstract In this study, to evaluate the trend of precipitation change, Mann–Kendall method has been used. The studied area is Lorestan province located in western part Iran. To achieve goal, time series annual and monthly rainfall data were collected for different statistical periods. Moreover, order analyze drought, standard index non-parametric test predict meteorological drought province, pa...

The 2011/2012 summer drought in Southeastern South America (SESA) was a short but devastating event. What would this event have looked like under pre-industrial conditions, or +2 degC world? We find that climate change causes the region to be at higher risk of drought. However, we found no large-scale changes half-month water budgets. show induced positive precipitation trend outweighs increase...

Regional droughts are common in North America, but pan-continental droughts extending across multiple regions, including the 2012 event, are rare relative to single-region events. Here, the tree-ring-derived North American Drought Atlas is used to investigate drought variability in four regions over the last millennium, focusing on pan-continental droughts. During the Medieval Climate Anomaly (...

Abstract The traditional drought field studies are inadequate to study characteristics from the perspective of trend and periodicity at same time, especially compare interannual interdecadal variations different types in reveal their similarity difference patterns. Pearl River Basin (PRB) was determined this paper using standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) empirical orthog...

Drought hazard mapping and its trend analysis has become indispensable due to the aggravated impact of drought in era climate change. Sparse observational networks with minimal maintenance limit spatio-temporal coverage precipitation data, which been a major constraint effective monitoring. In this study, high-resolution satellite-derived Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation Station (CH...