Negative capacitance (NC) field-effect transistors have great potential as next-generation low-power due to their ability overcome the Boltzmann limit. However, fundamental physical mechanism of negative has not yet been clarified. This paper investigates thermodynamic driving force transient NC in series circuit a resistor and ferroelectric capacitor (R–FEC). We find that widely applied Landau...

Urbanization level is a key indicator for socioeconomic development and policy making, but the measurement data methods need to be discussed further due limitation of single index availability accuracy statistical data. China urbanizing rapidly, urbanization at county scale remains mystery its complexity lack unified effective indicators. In this paper, we proposed new measure Chinese by integr...