This is an observation of anomaly of the jugular veins system bilaterally. Both right and left external jugular veins drained into the subclavian veins. The right anterior jugular vein drained into the confluence of internal jugular and the subclavian veins as they join to form the right brachiocephalic vein. The left anterior jugular vein drained into the internal jugular vein just before it j...

OBJECTIVE The LiquoGuard® system is a new ventricular-type monitoring device that facilitates intracranial pressure (ICP)-controlled or volume-controlled drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The purpose of this study is to report the authors' experience with the LiquoGuard® ICP monitoring system, as well as the clinical safety, usefulness, and limitations of this device in the management of p...

1 of 2 DESCRIPTION A 61-year-old man attended the outpatient department with vague abdominal discomfort associated with left fl ank pain. After investigation, he was diagnosed with a symptomatic mesenteric cyst (MC). Ultrasound scan ( fi gure 1 ) of the abdomen revealed a 20×14×25 cm thinwalled peritoneal cyst. The cyst was laying between the spleen and the anterior aspect of the left kidney. T...

BACKGROUND Combined kidney pancreas transplantation (PTx) evolved as excellent treatment for diabetic nephropathy. Infections remain common and serious complications. METHODS 217 consecutive enteric drained PTxs performed from 1997 to 2004 were retrospectively analyzed with regard to bloodstream infection. Immunosuppression consisted of antithymocyteglobuline induction, tacrolimus, mycophenol...

Tropical peatland fires play a significant role in the context of global warming through emissions of substantial amounts of greenhouse gases. However, the state of knowledge on carbon loss from these fires is still poorly developed with few studies reporting the associated mass of peat consumed. Furthermore, spatial and temporal variations in burn depth have not been previously quantified. Thi...

various kinds of chemicals are used in papermaking to enhance paper properties and to improve efficiency of the production process. in the presence of cationic starch as an anionic charge catcher, effects of nano silica/cationic polyacrylamide complex on retention, drainage time, water volume drained by dynamic drainage jar and properties of paper recycled from old corrugated container were inv...

Arachnoid cyst of the brain is common in children but its association with spontaneous subdural hygroma is rare. A case of a nine-year-old boy, without any preceding history of trauma, is presented here who came to the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital with complaints of headache, nausea, and vomiting for the last two weeks but more for the last two days. Examination showed a you...

Nocardia otitidiscaviarum belongs to the agents of opportunistic infections seen in immunocompromised patients, but may occur rarely in immunocompetent patients. In this report we described a case of a previously healthy 69-year-old woman with cerebral and retroperitoneal abscess due to Nocardia otitidiscaviarum. The patient was admitted to hospital because of loss of strength in her right arm ...

BACKGROUND Lymphatic drainage from skin on the head and neck is complex. We sought to provide improved visualization and analysis of the patterns of head and neck skin lymphatic drainage using aggregated lymphoscintigraphy data. METHODS Lymphoscintigraphy data from 929 patients with cutaneous melanoma on the head and neck collected at the Sydney Melanoma Unit have been mapped onto a 3-dimensi...