Chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) is a common skin condition that affects 0.1-3 % of people in the USA and Europe and accounts for nearly 75 % of all chronic urticaria cases. Up to 40 % of patients who have chronic urticaria for more than 6 months still have urticarial wheals 10 years later. The therapeutic management should first be oriented towards palliation of symptoms. A 2 % solution of e...

CHRONIC INSOMNIA IS THE MOST PREVALENT SLEEP DISORDER, AFFECTING AN ESTIMATED 10%-16% OF THE ADULT POPULATION, WITH AN ADDITIONAL 25% TO 35% having transient or occasional insomnia.1-3 Primary insomnia is estimated to have a prevalence of 1% to 2% in the general population, but accounts for as much as 25% of all chronic insomnia cases seen in clinical contexts.4 Insomnia generally does not reso...

Prepubescent female rats treated with the atypical neuroleptic acepromazine but not ketamine, prazosin, or doxepin, after lithium/pilocarpine-induced seizures gradually became obese over their lifetimes if spontaneous seizures developed. Mild increases in weight gain were induced when prepuberal females were given pilocarpine and acepromazine while being exposed briefly (1.5 hr) to a frequency-...

The neurophysiology of itch, the dominant symptom of skin disease, has previously received scant attention. Recent advances in the neurophysiology and molecular basis of itch include the use of microneurography to demonstrate the existence of a subset of itch-dedicated afferent C neurons distinct from neurons which transmit pain; use of functional positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic...

In this efficient extraction and isocratic liquid-chromatographic procedure for measuring eight antidepressant drugs in serum (amoxapine, 8-hydroxyamoxapine, doxepin, desmethyldoxepin, imipramine, desipramine, amitriptyline, and nortriptyline), they are extracted from serum as a group by use of disposable solid-phase cyanopropyl columns; the eluate is injected directly onto a Zorbax cyanopropyl...

We report two separate sample-preparation procedures and a "high-pressure" liquid-chromatographic method for quantitating nine tricyclic antidepressant drugs: trimipramine, doxepin, amitriptyline, imipramine, desmethyldoxepin, nortriptyline, desipramine, maprotiline, and protriptyline. The drugs are extracted from 1 mL of serum by a single manual hexane extraction or by using DuPont's PREP I Au...

A method of microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) followed by liquid chromatography with diode array detection has been developed and optimized for the extraction of six tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipramine, desipramine, doxepin, nordoxepin) from human serum. The optimal parameters of MEPS extraction (type of sorbent, volume of sample, composition, and volume o...

BACKGROUND Functional gastrointestinal disorders are common, accounting for up to 50% of gastroenterology referrals, and several randomized controlled trials have evaluated antidepressant therapy for their treatment. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of published, English-language, randomized clinical trials on the use of antidepressants for the treatment of patients with functional gastro...

INTRODUCTION The efficacy and safety of doxepin (DXP), a histamine H(1) receptor antagonist, was evaluated in elderly adults with sleep maintenance insomnia. METHODS This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled outpatient trial. Elderly adults meeting DSM-IV-TR criteria for primary insomnia were randomized to four weeks of nightly treatment with either DXP 6 mg (N=130) or placebo (...

Mild thermolysis of Lewis base stabilized phosphinoborane monomers R(1)R(2)P-BH2⋅NMe3 (R(1),R(2)=H, Ph, or tBu/H) at room temperature to 100 °C provides a convenient new route to oligo- and polyphosphinoboranes [R(1)R(2)P-BH2]n. The polymerization appears to proceed via the addition/head-to-tail polymerization of short-lived free phosphinoborane monomers, R(1)R(2)P-BH2. This method offers acces...