DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.61473 ABSTRACT As a matter of fact, several chemical or petrochemical industries are still using the old technology which are conventional control; one of it is PID controller. PID controller stills had a lot of weaknesses that need to be concerned, which it’s the accuracy and it’s precision. Due to this reason, the researchers had found the initiative to solve this problem ...

In the last two decades, laccases have received much attention from researchers because of their specific ability to oxidize lignin. This function of laccase is very useful for applications in several biotechnological processes, including delignification in the pulp and paper industry and the detoxification of industrial effluents from the textile and petrochemical industries. This review focus...

The last few decades have seen a steady increase in the global production and utilisation of the alkenylbenzene, styrene. The compound is of major importance in the petrochemical and polymer-processing industries, which can contribute to the pollution of natural resources via the release of styrene-contaminated effluents and off-gases. This is a cause for some concern as human over-exposure to ...

Explosion occurs due to sudden release of energy. Common examples of explosion include chemical, atomic, heat, and pressure tank (due to ignition) explosions. Petroleum, gas, and petrochemical industries operations are threatened by natural risks and processes. Fires and explosions are the greatest process risks which cause financial damages. This study aims at designing a single-floor structur...

Supply chain management in the petroleum industry contains various challenges, specifically in the logistics area, that are not present in most other industries. These logistical challenges are a major influence on the cost of oil and its derivatives. However, opportunities for cost savings in logistics still do exist. Giant oil and petrochemical companies are undertaking a “swap” practice that...

6 Simulated Moving Bed (SMB) processes are widely used in sugar, petrochemical, 7 and pharmaceutical industries. However, systematic optimization of SMB, especially 8 finding the optimal zone configuration including the standard and modified nonstan9 dard configurations, is still a challenging problem. This paper proposes a simultane10 ous, fully discretized approach with an SMB superstructure ...

For further treatment of primary and intermediate materials, large amounts of oxygen and nitrogen are required by many industries, e. g. chemical and petrochemical, metal, semiconductor and food industry, in machine construction and many others. Oxygen and nitrogen are, together with Argon, the main constituents of ambient air. They are obtained from there by means of the air separation technol...

Abstract—In this paper static scheme of under-frequency based load shedding is considered for chemical and petrochemical industries with islanded distribution networks relying heavily on the primary commodity to ensure minimum production loss, plant downtime or critical equipment shutdown. A simplistic methodology is proposed for in-house implementation of this scheme using underfrequency relay...

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) piping has been used in place of steel alloys in the petrochemical, power, and mining industries due to its exceptional resistance to corrosion and erosion. Recently, HDPE has also been used for nuclear safety-related cooling water applications. The application of nuclear quality assurance requirements creates reasonable assurance that the production fusion join...

The chemical and petrochemical industries produce wastewaters containing ammonium and phenolic compounds. Biological treatment of these wastewaters could be problematic due to the possible inhibitory effects exerted by phenolic compounds. The feasibility of performing simultaneous nitritation and p-nitrophenol (PNP) biodegradation using a continuous aerobic granular reactor was evaluated. A nit...