Abstract In the present scenario the application of robots is quite common to reduce the human effort in several areas. The stair climbing robots are used to climb the stairs for different applications up to now, but the main disadvantage of the rugged terrain robots is not adjustable according to the structure of the stairs. To overcome this, we have developed an adjustable stair climbing robo...

Introduction Modern urban areas are places of continuous change. Over periods of time of months, buildings may be torn down and new ones started; streets can be altered and new ones constructed; railways or other means of urban transport may change. The models of urban areas must be able to accommodate this change. This is especially so since models are significantly higher resolution than prev...

Attention can be focused volitionally by "top-down" signals derived from task demands and automatically by "bottom-up" signals from salient stimuli. The frontal and parietal cortices are involved, but their neural activity has not been directly compared. Therefore, we recorded from them simultaneously in monkeys. Prefrontal neurons reflected the target location first during top-down attention, ...

BACKGROUND It has been discussed that neural phase-synchrony across distant cortical areas (or global phase-synchrony) was correlated with various aspects of consciousness. The generating process of the synchrony, however, remains largely unknown. As a first step, we investigate transient process of global phase-synchrony, focusing on phase-synchronized clusters. We hypothesize that the phase-s...

The neural substrates of multisensory perception and integration are still obscure, especially at the cortical level. Alternative viewpoints emphasize (1) 'bottom-up' processes, where different modalities converge in higher order multisensory areas, or (2) 'top-down' projections from multimodal to unimodal areas. In this anatomic study, we use anterograde tracer injections in parietal (8 monkey...

While seraching for an object in a scene humans make use various sources of information for narrowing down their search to certain areas which are more probable to have that object. Various sources of ”top down” influences have been investigated in the literature including contexual guidance and appearance based influence to attentional guidance. In our work we use both the top down cues to pre...

disorder in re-methylation process of homocysteine to methionine due to mutation in betaine homocysteine methyltransferase enzyme (bhmt) coding gene, leads to decrease in s-adenosyl methionine (sam) synthesis which takes part in dna methylation as a methyl donor. as a result, it can promote hypo-methylation of dna, chromosome instability, and chromosome missegregation, which in turn is one of t...

anxiety is one of the most common reactions that parents show while understanding their children's intellectual disability due to down syndrome. anxiety leads parents not to develop appropriate relations with their children, subsequently their psychological health are at risk. the present study was aimed to determine the effect of problem-focused coping strategy training on psychological sympto...