In this work, the problem was approached to transform instances and complexity indicators between the problems Bin-Packing and Partition. Diverse researches have realized reductions and polynomials transformations between NP-complete problems, it mentioned to Garey & Johnson, Karp and Cook. In this thesis a new approach proposes to transform instances and to develop complexity indicators betwee...

Combining the advantages of layered manufacturing and material removal processes, additive/subtractive solid freeform fabrication (A/S SFF) can build parts with complex shapes without compromising precision requirements. However, preparing material removal operations requires special expertise, which has in fact become one of the bottlenecks of the A/S SFF manufacturing process. To achieve auto...

Increasingly, a significant priority for the dean and faculty in schools of nursing is fundraising. Raising financial resources is highly competitive and requires sophisticated approaches to building relationships with individual donors, government agencies, private foundations, and corporations. Fundraising efforts need to be designed to cultivate alumni, parents, and friends as key leaders ed...

Abstract This article argues that climate change policies should be designed as far possible with the involvement of civil society at large, it is an existential problem concerns whole humanity. It suggested in Chinese context, legal system and political decision-making processes could better address for example, through participatory promoted by Rio Declaration on Environment Development 1992 ...

Abs t r ac t . This paper describes how a proven planning technique can be employed within a structured approach to knowledge based system development (KADS), via the definition of a mode! of expertise. This paper proposes a KADS model of expertise for hierarchical skeletal plan refinement. This model is based on a conceptual analysis by Kiihn and Schrnalhofer (1992) of skeletal planning as des...

We continue the study of two recently introduced bin packing type problems, called with clustering, and online delays. A input consists items sizes not larger than 1, goal is to partition or pack them into bins, where total size every valid cannotexceed 1. In also have colors associated them. globally optimal solution can combine different while a clustered only monochromatic bins. The compare ...

How does the development of expertise influence problem solving performance? Specifically, do characteristics of expert behavior such as attention to deep features while problem solving and planning solution strategies emerge simultaneously or sequentially? Further, is there evidence that conceptual understanding of the meaning behind calculations can be attributed to differences in problem sol...