Phosphoenolpyruvate was transported through the erythrocyte membrane at low pH (4.5-6.5). The influx was observed not only in an iso-osmotic sucrose medium, but also in 0.1 M-citrate solution, but it was negligible in an iso-osmotic NaC1 solution. Efflux, however, was observed in both the sucrose and NaC1 solutions. Compounds derived from phosphoenolpyruvate by replacing the methene group by si...

As manual methods for estimating the concentration of iron in serum are replaced by automated methods it is not always appreciated that the results may not be identical. Babson and Kleinman (1967), in their expei iments with 'serum protein solutions', found that the AutoAnalyzer procedure of Young and Hicks (1965) gave iron results which did not agree with a manual method (Peters, Giovanniello,...

In a previous communication (1) it was shown that data obtained from transference experiments with alkali solutions of casein could be best interpreted on the assumption that the carriers of the current are alkali metal cations and casein anions. In the present studies on the transport numbers of solutions of casein with the alkali earth elements, the data appear to indicate that part of the me...

We introduce a comprehensive model of a mucin-like polyelectrolyte gel swelling-deswelling which includes the ion-mediated crosslinking of polymer strands and the exchange of divalent and monovalent ions in the gel. The gel is modeled as a multi-phase mixture which accounts for the polymer and solvent volume fractions and velocities as well as ionic species concentrations. Motion is determined ...

The exact determination of the combination of proteins with the ions of electrolytes has been limited practically to those cases in which concentration cells can be used. Bugarszky and Liebermann 1 found by this method that the hydrogen ion is very largely combined and chloride to a much less extent. These measurements have been repeated and confirmed by a number of workers, and extended by Pau...

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an electrochemical method for water desalination using porous carbon electrodes. A key parameter in CDI is the charge efficiency, Λ, which is the ratio of salt adsorption over charge in a CDI-cycle. Values for Λ in CDI are typically around 0.5-0.8, significantly less than the theoretical maximum of unity, due to the fact that not only counterions are adsorbed in...

The multiple indicator dilution technique was used to study transfer of labeled HCO3- across the hepatocyte membrane in the anesthetized mongrel dog. A bolus of H[14C]O3-, 51Cr-labeled erythrocytes, [36Cl-] and/or [3H]sucrose, and [3H]OH was injected through a catheter in the portal vein, and timed anaerobic blood samples were obtained from a catheter in the hepatic vein. Experiments were carri...

1. The Donnan equilibrium furnishes a test for the ionic nature of any diffusible substance, since the ratio of the concentration of any ion on the two sides of a membrane must be equal to the ratio of the concentrations of any other ion of the same sign and valence, whereas a non-ionic substance would be equally distributed on both sides. 2. The distribution of trypsin inside and outside of ge...