Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a toxic secondary metabolite produced by several Fusarium species that infest wheat and corn. Food and feed contaminated with DON pose a health risk to both humans and livestock and form a major barrier for international trade. Microbial detoxification represents an alternative approach to the physical and chemical detoxification methods of DON-contaminated grains. The p...

An increasing number of human beings from developed countries are colonized by Escherichia coli strains producing colibactin, a genotoxin suspected to be associated with the development of colorectal cancers. Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most prevalent mycotoxin that contaminates staple food-especially cereal products-in Europe and North America. This study investigates the effect of the food co...

Trichothecene mycotoxins and other translational inhibitors activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) by a mechanism called the "ribotoxic stress response," which drives both cytokine gene expression and apoptosis in macrophages. The purpose of this study was to identify upstream kinases involved in the ribotoxic stress response using the trichothecene deoxynivalenol (DON) and the RAW 2...

The study aims to observe the impacts of thyroxine (T4) combined with donepezil (DON) on hippocampal ultrastructures and expressions of synaptotagmin-1 and SNAP-25 in adult rats with hypothyroidism. All rats were randomly divided into five groups: the normal control group (CON), the hypothyroidism group (Hypo), the T4 treatment group (T4), the DON treatment group (DON) and the T4+DON combined t...

Cereal commodities are frequently contaminated with mycotoxins produced by the secondary metabolism of fungal infection. Among these contaminants, deoxynivalenol (DON), also known as vomitoxin, is the most prevalent type B trichothecene mycotoxin worldwide. Pigs are very sensitive to the toxic effects of DON and are frequently exposed to naturally contaminated feed. Recently, DON naturally cont...

The occurrence of deoxynivalenol (DON) was evaluated in 113 wheat samples from the northern and central/southwestern regions of Paraná State, Brazil during the 2008 and 2009 growing seasons, and this rate of occurrence was used to estimate the DON dietary exposure. The DON determination was carried out by an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. DON was detected in 66.4% sampl...

Deoxynivalenol (DON), a trichothecene mycotoxin found in grains and cereal-based foods worldwide, impairs weight gain in experimental animals but the underlying mechanisms remain undetermined. Oral exposure to DON induces rapid and transient upregulation of proinflammatory cytokine expression in the mouse. The latter are known to induce several suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS), some of ...

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a toxic fungal metabolite found on wheat, maize and barley. We previously reported a significant association between the amount of DON in a single 24 h urine sample and the average cereal intake over 7 d for 300 UK adults. In this more detailed analysis of the data, food diary information (n 255) for the day of urine collection (model I), the previous 24 h period (model ...

Translational inhibitors such as the trichothecene mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) and ribosomal inhibitory proteins (RIPs) induce mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-driven chemokine and cytokine production by a mechanism known as the ribotoxic stress response (RSR). Double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) associates with the ribosome making it uniquely positioned to sense 28S ri...