Discrete molecular dynamics simulation (DMD) uses simplified and discretized models enabling simulations to advance by event rather than by timestep. DMD is an instance of discrete event simulation and so is difficult to scale: even in this multi-core era, all reported DMD codes are serial. In this paper we discuss the inherent difficulties of scaling DMD and present our method of parallelizing...

A coordinated, multidisciplinary approach to care is essential for optimum management of the primary manifestations and secondary complications of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Contemporary care has been shaped by the availability of more sensitive diagnostic techniques and the earlier use of therapeutic interventions, which have the potential to improve patients' duration and quality of l...

Body hydration and extra- to intra-cellular water ratio (ECW: ICW) have been studied in 12 duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients and 15 healthy controls. Subjects underwent total body water (TBW) and extracellular water (ECW) assessment by deuterium and bromide dilution, respectively. Multifrequency bioelectric impedance analysis (MFBIA) was performed on all subjects with the aim to establ...

OBJECTIVE This study investigated the relationship between mental retardation and lifetime events in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). METHODS The data on mental retardation and ages of lifetime events (first walking, loss of ambulation, introductions of ventilator support and tube nutrition and death) were collected retrospectively, and the relationships between the factors we...

A female with Duchenne muscular dystrophy who was a carrier of a balanced translocation t(X;6)(p21;q21) is reported. Four other previously described (X;A) translocations associated with DMD share with the present case a breakpoint at Xp21. The extremely low probability of five independent (X;A) translocations having a breakpoint at Xp21 points to a non-rand association of this site with the DMD...

Inflammation plays a considerable role in the progression of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), a severe muscle disease caused by a mutation in the dystrophin gene. We previously showed that genetic ablation of Protein Kinase C θ (PKCθ) in mdx, the mouse model of DMD, improves muscle healing and regeneration, preventing massive inflammation. To establish whether pharmacological targeting of PKC...

Subjects with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) suffer from progressive muscle damage leading to diaphragmatic weakness that ultimately requires ventilation. Emerging treatments have generated interest in better characterizing the natural history of respiratory impairment in DMD and responses to therapy. Dynamic (cine) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) may provide a more sensitive measure of dia...

We have developed five conventional duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocols on single lymphocytes and blastomeres from embryos, in order to analyse five exons commonly deleted in deletion-type Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The five DMD gene exons (17, 19, 44, 45 and 48) can be analysed in separate duplex PCR reactions together with the sex-determining region Y (SRY) gene which ena...

In order to develop and validate methods for the preimplantation diagnosis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), we have established and evaluated PCR assays for the analysis of four loci within the DMD gene and for two Y chromosome sequences in single cells. A model system using buccal cells picked from mouthwash samples has been used for an extensive evaluation of the sensitivity and specific...