one of the most important subjects in 21 century in relation to sustainable urban development is urban form. urban form that is pattern of spatial distribution of human activities in a specific period can be divided into two kinds: compact city and urban sprawl. because there is a close relation between urban form and urban sustainability, urban planners have to know about urban pattern and for...

chamomile (matricaria chamomilla), an important medicinal plant belonging to the asteraceae family,has a wide distribution in iran and other parts of the world. the medicinal and pharmacological effects ofchamomile are mainly associated with its essential oil content and it is widely used in food, cosmetics andpharmaceutical industries. despite its wide geographical distribution in iran, little...

background: cancer is the third cause of death in iran, with an increasing incidence projected for the next decade. this study aimed to provide a disaggregated viewpoint on cancer incidence in all 22 districts of tehran, using the geographic information system (gis). identifying clusters of cancers may assist in recognizing the cause of the disease, visualizing patterns of cancer distribution, ...

background : so far, several studies were conducted to estimate the prevalence of cigarette smoking in iran, but none of them used a statistical model to deal with unobserved smokers. the present study planned to estimate the accurate prevalence of cigarette smoking using mixture of truncated poisson distribution. methods : a cross-sectional study was conducted in hamadan, west of iran in 2009,...