Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) is a genetic disease that alters the development of bones and other tissues in the face, and presents variable expressivity. At least three genes TCOF1, POLR1D, and POLR1C were recognized to be at the origin of this syndrome which may be inherited through either an autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive pattern. TCS changes can be divided into otological, opht...

Class III malocclusions can be treated with orthopedic, camouflage, or orthognathic surgical methods, depending on the severity of problem. This case report describes non-surgical correction a problem using buccal shelf miniscrew. In 15-year-old female patient, bilateral 2x12 mm stainless steel screws were inserted into mandible to distalize lower teeth. A power chain from miniscrews was applie...

This case report describes the surgical management of mucosal entrapment a mini-implant-supported molar distalization appliance.A 17-year-old female patient was referred for removal implant-supported pendulum appliance entrapped in palatal mucosa, which is used by Department Orthodontics. The clinical findings suggested that overlying soft tissue non-inflammatory and occurred due to forceful im...

A lowering of the patella after total knee arthroplasty is accompanied by pain and a restriction of the range of motion. With its etiology being unclear at present, a multifactorial genesis is under discussion. For the first time, we present a case report describing an HIV infection as a possible cause of patella infera.A 54-year-old HIV-positive woman developed patella infera (Insall-Salvati r...

In this article, we report the successful use of miniscrews in the distalization of the lower dentition to correct an Angle class III malocclusion with lower anterior crowding in a dolichofacial adult patient. Conventional intraoral and extraoral appliances have many disadvantages, including the need for patient cooperation, potential for anchorage loss, and vertical extrusion of upper molars a...