Background: The incorporation of thallium-201 into 8-hydroxyquinoline was targeted for cell labeling due to interesting physical properties and wide availability of this nuclide as a single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) radionuclide. Materials and Methods: Thallium-201 (T1/2=3.04 d) in Tl+ form was converted to Tl3+ cation in presence of O3/6M HCl and di-isopropyl ether, controlle...

where Δpu = div(|∇u|p−2∇u) is the p-Laplacian of u with 1 < p < ∞, and λ is a real parameter. Moreover, Ω is a smooth bounded domain in RN , N ≥ 1, whose boundary ∂Ω is made of two disjoint nonempty closed sets Γ1 and Γ2 which are smooth manifolds of dimension N − 1, m and n are weights which may be indefinite and unbounded, ∂/∂ν denotes the exterior normal derivative, and u± = max{±u,0}. The m...

This paper proposes statistical analysis of phase-only correlation functions based on linear statistics and directional statistics. We derive the expectation and variance of the phase-only correlation functions assuming phase-spectrum differences of two input signals to be probability variables. We first assume linear probability distributions for the phasespectrum differences. We next assume c...

where σn−1 denotes the surface measure of the unit sphere S n−1 = {z ∈ R : |z| = 1}, and |z| denotes the standard Euclidean norm of z ∈ R. This formula is given in equation (18) on p125 of [Ste1], and it is proved by using the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus to first write f(x) as the integral along any ray emanating from x of the directional derivative of f in the direction of the ray, and the...

Predictive density for a future observation is derived when the given data comes from circular or spherical distributions. Model robustness of these predictive densities for the circular case is exhibited. Predictive intervals corresponding to the highest density regions are derived and an example is given. (E) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved

A modeling procedure is demonstrated, which allows representation of polarization-resolved BRDF data using only four parameters: the real and imaginary parts of an effective refractive index with an added parameter taking grazing incidence absorption into account and an angular-scattering parameter determined from the BRDF measurement of a chosen angle of incidence, preferably close to normal i...

In this paper we study existence, uniqueness and solution estimates to the mixed problem r ru = 0 with Dirichlet to Neumann map boundary conditions and Neumann boundary conditions. We then show how this can be used in the reconstruction of , given the relationship between u and its normal derivative on the boundary portion where we do not apply the Dirichlet to Neumann map. A numerical reconstr...

In this paper, the directional lower and upper derivatives of the maxmin function are investigated by using the directional lower and upper derivative sets of the max-min set valued map. Sufficient conditions ensuring the existence of the directional derivative of the max-min function are obtained.

Directional drilling has evolved over the last few decades to become standard operational practice in the oil and gas exploration industry. One method of steering utilizes a technique known as magnetic Measurement While Drilling (MWD). Vector measurements of geomagnetic fields along a well-bore are used to determine it orientation. This method is advantageous in that it is inexpensive and effic...

This paper investigates causal relations between economic growth, income inequality, and transmission channels during the period 1972 to 2016. These channels include saving rate, investment rate, redistribution policies, human capital, and conspicuous consumption. There is no strong evidence that supports uni-directional or bi-directional causality. In addition, some of the transmission channel...