Introduction: Various systems for intraoral digital radiography have been available as an alternative to film–based radiography. In consideration of several advantages of digital radiography such as less patient absorbed dose, manipulation of im‌age quality and elimination of processing, it has been extensively used in different fields of denti‌stry in recent years. The purpose of this study wa...

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this paper presents a modified 32-bit rom-based direct digital frequency synthesizer (ddfs). maximum output frequency of the ddfs is limited by the structure of the accumulator used in the ddfs architecture. the hierarchical pipeline accumulator (hpa) presented in this paper has less propagation delay time rather than the conventional structures. therefore, it results in both higher maximum ope...

D igital sound synthesis is celebrating its 50th birthday in 2007: It was first tested at the Bell Labs by Max Mathews and his colleagues in 1957, but it took quite some time before the technology was ready for the market. Digital music synthesizers were commercialized about 20 years later starting at the end of 1970s. In the mid 1980s, digital synthesizers became popular, when the musical inst...

In this paper, we present a rapid prototyping environment for mixed signal systems. The environment consists of programmable mixed signal hardware together with a set of integrated CAD tools to enable fast prototyping of mixed signal designs from high-level speciications. The prototyping hardware comprises of eld-programmableanalog arrays and eld-programmable gate arrays on which the analog and...

an efficient and direct procedure for the synthesis of benzo[h]-indeno[1,2-b]-quinoline derivatives has been described. the procedure employs a three-component condensation reaction in one-pot using 2h-indene-1, 3-dione, naphthalen-1-amine,and aldehydes in the presence of catalytic amount of l-prolinein aqueous media.