PURPOSE Analysis of the incidence of congenital brain malformations in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) in a hospital-based study. MATERIAL AND METHODS The present study included 74 boys and 56 girls with spastic tetraplegia, diplegia, and hemiplegia CP. Magnetic resonance imaging MRI findings were analyzed in children with CP. RESULTS Significant abnormalities relevant to the CP w...

INTRODUCTION Cruciate Paralysis is a rare incomplete spinal cord syndrome presenting as brachial diplegia with minimal or no involvement of the lower extremities. It occurs as a result of trauma to the cervical spine and is associated with fractures of the axis and/or atlas. Diagnosis is confirmed on MRI and is managed by treatment of the underlying pathology. Prognosis depends on the extent of...

Background and introduction: Balance is fundamental for the efficient accomplishment of all activities of daily living; balance dysfunction is one of the most common problems in diplegic children that could be attributed to unbalanced function of agonist and antagonist, reciprocal electrical stimulation hypothesized to improve the opposed muscle action. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to...

Introduction. Cancer, after cardiovascular disease, is the second most common cause of death both in Poland anIntroduction. In children with cerebral palsy, gait and balance assessment allows for an objective gait pattern evaluation as well as for therapy planning and assessment. It was hypothesised that asymmetry of the lower limbs load in a standing position causes asymmetry of spatiotemporal...

Sequential changes in gait patterns were investigated retrospectively by analyzing the videotape recordings of 20 children with spastic diplegia and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL). The subjects began to walk at 1±5 years of age, and their walking was examined to 6±16 years of age. Many of the ambulatory children with spastic diplegia walked with ̄exed hips, knees and ankles. At the ®nal wal...

Objective. To determine if gait waveform could discriminate children with diplegic cerebral palsy of the GMFCS levels I and II. Patients. Twenty-two children with diplegia, 11 classified as level I and 11 as level II of the GMFCS, aged 7 to 12 years. Methods. Gait kinematics included angular displacement of the pelvis and lower limb joints during the stance phase. Principal components (PCs) ana...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Despite evidence of weakness in children with cerebral palsy, the use of strength training in this population remains controversial. SUBJECTS Fourteen children with spastic diplegia, ranging in age from 6 to 14 years (X = 9.1, SD = 2.5), participated in a bilateral quadriceps femoris muscle strengthening program. METHODS The children exercised three times per week for...

The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability and sensitivity of the Wartenberg pendulum test for quantification of muscle tone in young children with spastic diplegia undergoing selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR). Fourteen nondisabled children (mean age of 5.5 years, age range 2.3 to 8.8 years, one female and one male in each year) were tested twice. Twenty children with spastic diple...

An unselected series of 93 Swedish diplegic children born in 1969-1976 and subgrouped into 49 term (TDC) and 44 preterm (PDC) cases were analyzed for differences in reduced optimality in pre- and perinatal conditions, these also being related to degree of handicap, associated neurology and conventional pathogenetic grouping. Comparisons of the reduced optimality with those of a dyskinetic and a...

OBJECTIVE To gain insight into the mechanical inefficiencies of gait patterns used by children with spastic diplegia by analysis of center of mass (COM) movement and energy recovery. DESIGN Prospective study using between-group measures to analyze differences between children with cerebral palsy (CP) and age-matched controls without CP. SETTING Assessments were performed in a gait laborator...