We show that the continuous cholesteric fingers, which form in homeotropic samples at the unwinding temperature of the cholesteric phase, drift and spiral when they are subjected to a temperature gradient. This phenomenon is attributed to the appearance of a Lehmann thermomechanical torque. Measurements of the finger drift velocity on both sides of the compensation temperature of a cholesteric ...

Constructal design is used to study heat removal from a square heated body with a tree shaped high thermal conductivity pathways embedded in the body. The objective is to minimize the defined maximum dimensionless temperature difference for the body. The thermal conductivity of the body is low, and there is a uniform heat generation on it. The volume of the body is fixed. The amount of high con...

The article presents the results of improving numerical method developed in [1-3] for calculating roughness coefficient riverbed (RCOTR) to increase stability and using it study dependence RCOTR Instruch River on dimensionless complexes different seasons.

BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic-degenerative disease. The knee is the most commonly affected joint and the symptoms are generally attributed to quadriceps muscle weakness. However, few studies have evaluated this relationship in a population with early stages of knee OA. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether a correlation among the knee extensor torque and the three subscales of the WO...

Natural wind is stochastic, being characterized by its speed and direction which change randomly and frequently. Because of the certain lag in control systems and the yaw body itself, wind turbines cannot be accurately aligned toward the wind direction when the wind speed and wind direction change frequently. Thus, wind turbines often suffer from a series of engineering issues during operation,...

One of entropy’s puzzling aspects is its dimensions of energy/temperature. A review of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics leads to six conclusions: ~1! Entropy’s dimensions are linked to the definition of the Kelvin temperature scale. ~2! Entropy can be defined to be dimensionless when temperature T is defined as an energy ~dubbed tempergy!. ~3! Dimensionless entropy per particle typicall...

www.physicstoday.org Many experiments seem daunting at first glance, owing to the sheer number of physical variables they involve. To design an apparatus that circulates fluid, for instance, one must know how the flow is affected by pressure, by the apparatus’s dimensions, and by the fluid’s density and viscosity. Complicating matters, those parameters may be temperature and pressure dependent....

A modeling procedure is developed for natural convection heat transfer from an isothermal heated sphere located at the center of an isothermal, cooled, sphericalshaped enclosure. The model is based on the linear superposition of conduction and convection solutions, where the convective component is determined based on a combination of two limiting cases, laminar boundary layer convection and tr...

Knowledge of local bone quality is essential for surgeons to determine operation techniques. A device for intraoperative measurement of local bone quality has been developed by the AO-Research Foundation (Densi - Probe®). We used this device to experimentally measure peak breakaway torque of trabecular bone in the proximal femur and correlated this with local bone mineral density (BMD) and fail...