The extent of gene polymorphisms associated with resistance to chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine was examined in field isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from Indonesia. Eight malaria-endemic areas, representing a broad region of the western and eastern Indonesian Archipelago were surveyed. Blood from 20-50 patients was collected at each site, DNA was isolated, and the sequences of four ...

BACKGROUND In 2007, Malawi replaced sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) with an artemisinin-based combination therapy as the first-line treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in response to failing SP efficacy. Here we estimate the effect of reduced SP pressure on the prevalence of SP-resistant parasites and the characteristics of the associated selective sweeps flanking the resis...

In the Maheba Refugee Settlement, in the clinics supported by Medecins Sans Frontieres, all children aged up to 5 years with a confirmed diagnosis of uncomplicated falciparum malaria are treated with the combination of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP) and artesunate (AS). We compared the treatment's efficacy and effectiveness. Patients were randomized in order to receive the treatment supervised ...

In Magoda and Mpapayu villages in Tanzania, we have previously found comparable high prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (S/P) in vivo and of mutations in the dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and dihydropteroate synthetase (dhps) genes of P. falciparum responsible for resistance to S/P. In December 1998, Magoda received insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), wher...

The 6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin pyrophosphokinase (HPPK) and dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) enzymes catalyze sequential metabolic reactions in the folate biosynthetic pathway of bacteria and lower eukaryotes. Both enzymes represent validated targets for the development of novel anti-microbial therapies. We report herein that the genes which encode FtHPPK and FtDHPS from the biowarfare ag...

cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. despite the availability of several chemotherapeutic drugs, there is still a great need for more efficient agents for a better management of cancer. in this contribution, a series of 11 dhps (4a, 4b & 7a-i) were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxic effect against mcf-7, ls180, and molt-4 cancer cell lines using mtt assay. synthesized 2,6-di...

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the availability of several chemotherapeutic drugs, there is still a great need for more efficient agents for a better management of cancer. In this contribution, a series of 11 DHPs (4a, 4b & 7a-i) were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxic effect against MCF-7, LS180, and MOLT-4 cancer cell lines using MTT assay. Synthesized 2,6-di...

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the availability of several chemotherapeutic drugs, there is still a great need for more efficient agents for a better management of cancer. In this contribution, a series of 11 DHPs (4a, 4b & 7a-i) were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxic effect against MCF-7, LS180, and MOLT-4 cancer cell lines using MTT assay. Synthesized 2,6-di...

Dihydropyridines (DHPs) with carboxamides in the 3 and 5 positions show anti-tuberculosis activity. The purpose of the present study was to synthesize new DHPs that would possibly possess anti-tuberculosis activity. So a series of N-aryl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxamides (3-38) was prepared. They were screened as antitubercular agents against one type of fast growing Mycobacterium (M. smeg...

V2O5/SiO2 nanoparticles was prepared via an one-pot sol gel method from vanadyl- acetylacetonate and tetraethylorthosilicate in refluxing MeOH, followed by calcination at 700 °C for 2 hours. The resultant nanoparticles was characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), TGA and FTIR techniques. Rapid and efficient ar...