1. Permeability to water in unfertilized eggs of the sea urchin, Arbacia punctulata, was studied by measuring the rate of swelling in hypotonic dextrose solution. 2. Permeability is greatly affected by addition of electrolytes in low concentration. 3. A decrease in permeability to water was found with increasing valence of the cation, using a series of cobaltammine chlorides in which the valenc...

The effect of i.v. Pitressin (ADH) in a dose of 1 U/hr on permeability characteristics and on absorptive capacity of the normal human small intestine was investigated. The method of continuous intestinal perfusion was employed with polyethylene glycol 4000 as a nonabsorbable marker. Unidirectional flux rates of Na and H(2)O were calculated from the disappearance of (22)Na and of (3)HOH from iso...

Non-thermal plasma at atmospheric pressure has been actively applied to sterilization. However, its efficiency for inactivating microorganisms often varies depending on microbial species and environments surrounding the microorganisms. We investigated the influence of environmental factors (surrounding media) on the efficiency of microbial inactivation by plasma using an eukaryotic model microb...

BACKGROUND Recent case reports suggest that consumption of ethanol may increase the risk of liver injury induced by acetaminophen (INN, paracetamol). However, this possibility is at odds with previous clinical studies that showed that acute ethanol ingestion could protect against hepatotoxicity by inhibiting CYP-mediated acetaminophen oxidation. We tested the hypothesis that ethanol ingestion c...

Candida albicans were isolated from patients with clinical symptoms of vaginal ulcer. Culture test for vaginal swab and scrapings were conducted on Sabouraud’s dextrose broth and Sabouraud’s dextrose agar plate respectively. Hichrome candida agar culture was used for differential identification of Candida. Smears from vaginal scrapings were prepared for gram staining. The suspected strain of Ca...

The oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica efficiently metabolizes hydrophobic substrates such as alkanes, fatty acids or triacylglycerol. This yeast has been identified in oil-polluted water and in lipid-rich food. The enzymes involved in lipid breakdown, for use as a carbon source, are known, but the molecular mechanisms controlling the expression of the genes encoding these enzymes are still p...

In this paper data are presented on cows receiving no food but having access to all of the water which they wished. The yield and composition of the milk were determined at various times during the periods of starvation. The composition of the milk showed changes which were progressive in the sense that they followed a definite course. They were characterized by a marked lowering in the amount ...