Baker and Bray (1) continue Bray’s thoughtful development of a particular Bayesian age-period-cohort model for cancer rate projections. This model has an elegant formulation and has brought to the forefront a Bayesian interpretation of cancer projections. However, we feel that there are more appropriate models for cancer rate projections. Why? The Bayesian age-period-cohort model suffers from v...

Maximum likelihood or restricted maximum likelihood (REML) estimates of the parameters in linear mixed-effects models can be determined using the lmer function in the lme4 package for R. As for most model-fitting functions in R, the model is described in an lmer call by a formula, in this case including both fixedand random-effects terms. The formula and data together determine a numerical repr...

Abstract The ? -exponential inflation is driven by a class of primordial potentials, derived in the framework braneworld scenarios, that generalizes well-known power law inflation. In this paper we update previous constraints on minimal coupled model [1] and extend results also deriving equations for non-minimal scenario. predictions both models are tested light latest temperature polarization ...

Section 5.1.3 Additional antidiabetes agents to be studied:  liraglutide (a GLP-1 analogue)  saxagliptin (a DPP-4 inhibitor). Section 6.1.2 (a) Selection criteria Clarification:  Primary studies will be included if second-line agents are compared as add-ons to metformin monotherapy regardless of treatment history before metformin monotherapy. This includes studies that employ a metformin mon...

Identifying the number of classes in Bayesian finite mixture models is a challenging problem. Several criteria have been proposed, such as adaptations of the deviance information criterion, marginal likelihoods, Bayes factors, and reversible jump MCMC techniques. It was recently shown that in overfitted mixture models, the overfitted latent classes will asymptotically become empty under specifi...

Abstract A landslide is one of the most notorious natural disasters, resulting in massive losses and significant damages. Thus, this paper aims to analyze spatial heterogeneity influencing factors which later inspect relationship between occurrences. total 988 landslides historical data eight were obtained from proper field validation maps provided by those concerned government, including dista...

Stochastic independence is an idealized relationship located at one end of a continuum of values measuring degrees of dependence. Modeling real world systems, we are often not interested in the distinction between exact independence and any degree of dependence, but between weak ignorable and strong substantial dependence. Good models map signiicant deviance from independence and neglect approx...