In this paper we examine how preferential trade liberalization affects the terms of trade, external tariffs and welfare of the integrating countries and the rest of the world. Our analysis is based on a three-country, three-good, general equilibrium model with symmetric customs union (CU) members. The model generalizes previous work by considering more general consumer preferences and productio...

This paper explores the impact on the Southern Mediterranean Countries (SMC) of the current process of trade liberalisation with the European Union. The methodology is that of computable general equilibrium modelling under imperfect competition and the model includes 10 countries and 11 sectors. This allows for both a cross-country and cross-sectoral analysis of the results. The experiments con...

This paper presents new estimates of annual U.S. production of pig iron dating back to 1827. These estimates are used to assess the vulnerability of the antebellum iron industry to foreign competition and the role of the tariff in fostering the industry’s early development. Domestic pig iron production is found to be highly sensitive to changes in import prices. Although import price fluctuatio...

Integration into the world economy has accelerated economic growth in many developing countries, providing an essential impetus to poverty reduction (IMF 2001). Continuing growth and integration of world markets, however, has reduced the distinction between domestic and international policies and provoked criticism of the trade-restricting measures of developed countries. The highly protected a...

Trade has become the main mode of transport for many invasive species including diseases and agricultural pests. Most species are brought to their new homes unintentionally, which constitute a market failure rooted in international trade. Unless it is practical to drive invasion risk to zero, the external costs may justify a tariff. In this paper we analyze the political process likely to gover...

1. cancer research center, shahid beheshti university of medical sciences, tehran, iran 2. health sector policy coordination group, in charge of minister for policy making affairs bureau, ministry of health and medical education, tehran, iran 3. ncd research center, endocrine and metabolism research institute, tehran university of medical sciences and health services, tehran, iran 4. health ser...

background: noticeable amounts of pesticides are used in developing countries each year. however excessive application of these chemicals in the past few decades has breaded serious problems to both animals and humans. although most studies have targeted acute poisoning, in the present study chronic poisoning as a new and important health problem has been studied due to application and storage ...

Abstract Developing countries coalitions form an integral part of tariff negotiations that take place under the aegis World Trade Organization. While there was only a single coalition in 70s, their number increased to 31 year 2005. Despite apparent proliferation negotiations, little research on theoretical and empirical implications has been produced. In particular, we lack understanding effici...

In contrast to prior disaggregated product level studies on tariff evasion which have focused on select country pairs, we develop a model that allows us to consistently estimate average tariff evasion effects on aggregate bilateral trade data. This has two distinct advantages over prior work. We are able to obtain a more general test for average tariff evasion effects across a large number of c...