The strength and ductility of concrete improve under multi-axial compressive stress due to confinement effect. Some parameters are effective for considering the confinement in concrete and various stress-strain models were developed by different researchers. Longitudinal and transverse reinforcement steels can influence on confinement in reinforced concrete members. In this paper, various stres...

Sperm-egg binding and fusion initiate the development of a new organism, but the molecular mechanisms of gamete adhesion, gamete membrane fusion and associated signaling are still poorly understood. Recently, one egg surface protein, CD9, was shown to be essential for gamete fusion. The fertility of CD9-deficient female mice is severely reduced because membrane fusion ability is lost in CD9-def...

Decisions in healthcare should be based on information obtained according to the principles of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM). An increasing number of systematic reviews are published which summarize the results of prevalence studies. Interpretation of the results of these reviews should be accompanied by an appraisal of the methodological quality of the included data and studies. The critical a...

Biogenic amines are important neuromodulators whose discovery laid the foundation of modern neuropharmacology. These compounds (which include norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, and histamine) are stored in secretory vesicles located in the cytoplasm, are released into the extracellular space by regulated exocytosis, then activate specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) located in preand ...

introduction selection of the clear and transparent index for the precipitation using long-term homogeneous data is an important point for the researchers. several investigations have led to different indices for heavy rainfall. in some cases the specific amount of precipitation was used for heavy rainfall (rahimzadeh, 2005; masoodian, 2008; kamiguchi et al., 2006), e.g. alijani (2002) has sugg...

Historical context. The past 13 years have seen an explosion in interest in the origins and evolution of human language, sparked by the early works of Hurford (1989) and Pinker & Bloom (1990). Recent publications in major interdisciplinary journals (Nowak et al. 2000; Nowak et al. 2001) confirm that research into the origins and subsequent evolution of language is of scientific interest to a wi...

Adaptive signal processing or adaptive filter design is continuous research topic in digital filtering. Some adaptive algorithms including a gradient type algorithm for blind system [Higa et al., 1999], an algorithm for lattice all-pass filter with minimum multipliers [Okello et al., 1999], Sign-Sign algorithm based on Gaussian distributed tap weights [Koike, 2000], INLMS algorithm [Fujii et al...

The posterior Cramér-Rao bound on the mean square error in tracking the bearing, bearing rate, and power level of a narrowband source is developed. The formulation uses a linear process model with additive noise and a general nonlinear measurement model, where the measurements are the sensor array data. The joint Bayesian Cramér-Rao bound on the state variables over the entire observation inter...

The pholyphenolic phytoalexin resveratrol (3,4 ́,5-trihydroxystilbene) is abundant in grape skins (with higher concentration in red as compared to white wine), peanuts, the roots of the weed Polygonum cuspidatum as well as in other fruits and vegetables (Cardile et al., 2007; Csaki et al., 2008). It is produced by plants in response to stress and has a wide range of pharmacological activities. R...