The origin of the martian gullies has been much debated since their discovery by the Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC, Malin, M.C., Edgett, K.S. [2000]. Science 288, 2330–2335). Several previous studies have looked at slope gradients in and around gullies, but none have used Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) from the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE, McEwen, A.S., and 14 colleagues [200...

Ag2S/CdS/TiO2 hybrid nanotube array films (Ag2S/CdS/TNTs) were prepared by selectively depositing a narrow-gap semiconductor-Ag2S (0.9 eV) quantum dots (QDs)-in the local domain of the CdS/TiO2 nanotube array films by spotting sample method (SSM). The improvement of sunlight absorption ability and photocurrent density of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotube array films (TNTs) which were obtained by...

In vivo experiments have shown that nanoparticles depositing in the rat olfactory region can translocate to the brain via the olfactory nerve. Quantitative predictions of the dose delivered by inhalation to the olfactory region are needed to clarify this route of exposure and to evaluate the dose-response effects of exposure to toxic nanoparticles. Previous in vivo and in vitro studies quantifi...

What is the diversity of cyanobacteria in iron-depositing hot springs? We are currently conducting preliminary studies on the diversity of iron-tolerant CB isolated from irondepositing hot springs in and around Yellowstone National Park (WY, USA). Molecular analysis has confirmed the prediction [1] that the diversity of iron-tolerant CB is ill-defined. Analysis of 16S rRNA sequences from 15 uni...

Using doubly-clamped silicon (Si) microbeam resonators, we demonstrate sub-attogram per Hertz (ag/Hz) mass sensitivity, which is extremely high sensitivity achieved by micro-scale MEMS mass sensors. We also characterize unusual buckling phenomena of the resonators. The thin-film based resonator is composed of a Si microbeam surrounded by silicon nitride (SiN) anchors, which significantly improv...

Additive manufacturing (AM), sometimes called three-dimensional (3D) printing, has attracted a lot of research interest and is presenting unprecedented opportunities in biomedical fields, because this technology enables the fabrication of biomedical constructs with great freedom and in high precision. An important strategy in AM of biomedical constructs is to mimic the structural organizations ...

Atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) are rising at an accelerated rate resulting in changes in the pH and carbonate chemistry of the world’s oceans. However, there is uncertainty regarding the impact these changing environmental conditions have on carbonate-depositing microbial communities. Here, we examine the effects of elevated CO2, three times that of current atmospheric levels, on th...

Purpose ‐ To describe the repository deposit protocol, Simple Web‐service Offering Repository Deposit (SWORD), its development iteration, and some of its potential use cases. In addition, seven case studies of institutional use of SWORD are provided. Approach ‐ The paper describes the recent development cycle of the SWORD standard, with issues being identified and overcome with a sub...

The metabolism of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and tau are central to the pathobiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We have examined the in vivo turnover of APP, secreted APP (sAPP), Abeta and tau in the wild-type and Tg2576 mouse brain using cycloheximide to block protein synthesis. In spite of overexpression of APP in the Tg2576 mouse, APP is rapidly degraded, similar to the rapid turn...

Vapor deposited multilayers consisting of alternating ferromagnetic and nonferrous metals are being used for magnetic sensing and data storage devices. Their performance is dependent upon interface morphology which is a sensitive function of deposition condition such as the deposition rate, deposition temperature, and flux angle of incidence. A two-dimensional kinetic Monte Carlo method has bee...