PROLONGED exposure to the chronic hypoxia of high altitude is associated with structural changes in many systems of the body. Such effects are developed to the greatest extent in native highlanders and they have been studied largely in the Quechua and Aymara peoples of the High Andes of Peru. This account is based on experience gained on four expeditions to the area around Cerro de Pasco in Cen...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a disabling combination of emphysema and chronic bronchitis, relies on spirometric lung function measurements for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Because spirometers are unavailable in most of the developing world, this project developed a low cost point of care spirometer prototype for the mobile phone called the “TeleSpiro.” The key contribution...

Robert Heath Lock (1879-1915), a Cambridge botanist associated with William Bateson and R. C. Punnett, published his book Recent Progress in the Study of Variation, Heredity, and Evolution in 1906. This was a remarkable textbook of genetics for one appearing so early in the Mendelian era. It covered not only Mendelism but evolution, natural selection, biometry, mutation, and cytology. It ran to...

In the relational model of data the Boyce-Codd-Heath normal form, commonly just known as Boyce-Codd normal form, guarantees the elimination of data redundancy in terms of functional dependencies. For efficient means of data processing the industry standard SQL permits partial data and duplicate rows of data to occur in database systems. Consequently, the combined class of uniqueness constraints...

FALL 1999 This article develops a variance-reduction technique for pricing derivatives by simulation in highdimensional multifactor models. A premise of this work is that the greatest gains in simulation efficiency come from taking advantage of the structure of both the cash flows of a security and the model in which it is priced. For this to be feasible in practice requires automating the iden...

introduction: the aim of this descriptive cross-sectional study was to assess the general dental practitioners (gdps)’s knowledge regarding the emergency management of traumatic dental injuries (tdi) in isfahan, iran. methods and materials: in this study a two-part questionnaire consisting of 14 questions was distributed among 241 gdps. part 1 included seven questions focusing on personal and p...

The terrestrial vegetation of Dover and Erith Islands is comprised oflow forest dominated by Allocasuarina verticillataor Myrtaceae species (including Eucalyptus nitida, Melaleuca ericifolia and Leptospermum laevigatum), closed-scrub, heath, Poa poiformis tussock grassland and a wide variety of coastal vegetation types. While Dover Island, which is infrequently burned and ungrazed by stock, is ...

Tundra ecosystems are global belowground sinks for atmospheric CO2. Ongoing warming-induced encroachment by shrubs and trees risks turning this sink into a CO2 source, resulting in positive feedback on climate warming. To advance mechanistic understanding of how shifts mycorrhizal types affect long-term carbon (C) nitrogen (N) stocks, we studied small-scale soil depth profiles fungal communitie...