a survey of mottled enamel in a military educational center in karaj area of metropolitan tehran was conducted from august to september 1978, on a population of 1789 student, aged 18-23 gathered from 32 areas of iran. dean clinical standards used for diagnosing dental fluorsis and orion lonalyzer fluoride electrode was used to determine the fluoride content of communal waters of endemic areas. ...

UNLABELLED This article discusses the possible cariostatic mechanisms of the action of fluoride. In the past, fluoride inhibition of caries was ascribed to reduced solubility of enamel due to incorporation of fluoride (F-) into the enamel minerals. The present evidence from clinical and laboratory studies suggests that the caries-preventive mode of action of fluoride is mainly topical. There is...

The development of the lower incisor in the mouse was investigated from histological sections using computer-aided 3D reconstructions. At ED 13.0, the incisor was still at the bud stage. At ED 13.5, the initial cap was delimited by a short cervical loop, the development of which proceeded on the labial side, but was largely retarded on the medial side. This difference was maintained up to ED 15...

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a hereditary disease with abnormal dental enamel formation. Here we report a Japanese family with X-linked AI transmitted over at least four generations. Mutation analysis revealed a novel mutation (p.P52R) in exon 5 of the amelogenin gene. The mutation was detected as heterozygous in affected females and as hemizygous in their affected father. The affected siste...

Dental caries incidence is affected by host factors that may be related to the structure of dental enamel, immunologic response to cariogenic bacteria, or the composition of saliva. Genetic variation of the host factors may contribute to increased risks for dental caries. This systematic review examined the literature to address the question, "Is the risk for dental decay related to patterns of...

Ten probands with tuberous sclerosis (TS) and 20 first degree relatives were examined for evidence of pitted enamel hypoplasia; 100% of TS patients had pitting, compared to 65% of relatives and 72% of 25 controls. We found that 70% of TS cases had more than 14 pits per person compared with only 5% of relatives and 4% of controls; 85% of relatives and 84% of controls had fewer than six pits per ...

This review investigates erosion and abrasion in dental structures undergoing at- home bleaching. Dental erosion is a multifactorial condition that may be idiopathic or caused by a known acid source. Some bleaching agents have a pH lower than the critical level, which can cause changes in the enamel mineral content. Investigations have shown that at-home tooth bleaching with low concentrations ...

To the Editor : Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a collection of nonsyndromic inherited diseases featuring a variety of abnormal enamel phenotypes, patterns of inheritance, and causative genes. The term is also used to indicate the presence of an enamel phenotype in syndromes. Dental enamel is the most highly mineralized tissue in the body, lacks collagen, and is the product of specialized epith...

Background & Aims: The present study compared fluoride uptake into enamel from sodium fluoride 0.05% gel and American Dental Association approved fluoride gel (Stannous fluoride 0.4% , Sultan Co.) when used on healthy enamel of the intact teeth. Methods: In an experimental study, 30 intact teeth extracted for orthodontic purposes were randomly assigned into two groups of 15 teeth. The teeth wer...

objective: tooth surface undergoes continuous remineralization and demineralization. the aim of this study was to compare the effect of caseinphosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (cpp-acp) paste and fluoride gel on the microhardness of demineralized enamel lesions.   methods: frothy eight specimens of premolar teeth were chosen and randomly divided to 4 groups of 12. after the initial mea...