Article history: Received 13 July 2015 Received in revised form 5 October 2016 Accepted 27 December 2016 Available online 3 January 2017

We study how the oscillations of the neutrinos affect their thermalization process during the reheating period with temperature O(1) MeV in the early universe. We follow the evolution of the neutrino density matrices and investigate how the predictions of big bang nucleosynthesis vary with the reheating temperature. For the reheating temperature of several MeV, we find that including the oscill...

This work presents a theory to unify the two independent theoretical frameworks of Kohn-Sham (KS) density functional (DFT) and reduced matrix (RDMFT). The generalization KS orbitals hypercomplex number systems leads (HCKS) theory, which extends search space for in KS-DFT that is equivalent natural spin with fractional occupations RDMFT. Thereby, HCKS able capture multi-reference nature strong c...

Introduction: Non-uniformity test is essentially the only required daily QC procedure in nuclear medicine practice. Noise creates statistical variation or random error in a flood image. Non-uniformity on the other hand does not have statistical nature and may be regarded as systemic error. The present methods of non-uniformity calculation do not distinguish between these two types of erro...