BACKGROUND In recent years the generation rate of construction and demolition waste (C&D) has significantly augmented. The aim of this study was to assessed the quality and quantity of construction and demolition waste in Tehran (capital of Iran). METHODS Questionnaire methods were used for estimating the amount of generated C&D wastes national statistical data and typical waste generation da...

Introduction. Milligan-Morgan haemorrhoidectomy performed with LigaSure system (LS) seems to be mainly effective where a large tissue demolition is required. This randomized study is designed to compare LigaSure haemorrohidectomy with conventional diathermy (CD) for treatment of IV-degree haemorrhoids. Methods. 52 patients with IV-degree haemorrhoids were randomized to two groups (conventional ...

Neutralization of landmines is dangerous and complicated work. For Humanitarian Demining, the most common neutralization method is demolition using small explosive charges. Although common practice, demolition has several disadvantages. Deminers need non-explosive mine neutralization technologies that are safer, more reliable and less expensive. To meet this need, several innovative non-explosi...

although using of treatment methods of infertility makes the realization of the hope of having children more possible, it makes the infertile families face the multiparity problem. the medical society is trying to decrease the numbers of embryos to fertilize the infertile couples for decreasing their anxiety about having some babies. in this study, we are trying to study the reasons of legality...

Decommissioning activity offshore is expected to increase significantly in the next few years and will include some very large concrete platforms in the northern North Sea. The two studies included in this report examine possible methods of removal and demolition, including complete removal, part-removal to below the water line and leaving the concrete bases in place after removing the topsides...

The building stock refurbishment is achieving more and energy savings goals, but the impacts associated with activities are not always considered: i.e. waste' production of construction demolition as well from addiction high-tech materials. This paper describes extension to urban scale an already applied developed procedure for individual buildings, which aims maximizing exploitation existing c...

Three different techniques for reducing exposure to microorganisms were tested during remediation of moldy buildings. Concentrations of spores (fungi and actinomycetes) were determined by filter sampling before, during, and after remediation. The local exhaust method used for asbestos dismantling was the most effective control method. In the construction zone, concentrations of microorganisms w...

The Dutch cities Utrecht and Wijk bij Duurstede were founded by the Romans around 50 B.C. and the village Fijnaart and Graft-De Rijp around 1600 A.D. The soils of these villages are polluted with Pb (up to ~5000 mg/kg). Lead isotope ratios were used to trace the sources of Pb pollution in the urban soils. In ~75% of the urban soils the source of the Pb pollution was a mixture of glazed potsherd...

Since the construction sector uses 50% of the Earth's raw materials and produces 50% of its waste, the development of more durable and sustainable building materials is crucial. Today, Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) is mainly used in low level applications, namely as unbound material for foundations, e.g., in road construction. Mineral demolition waste can be recycled as crushed aggreg...

Malignant mesothelioma is a fatal cancer primarily associated with exposure to asbestos. The latency period between first exposure to asbestos and clinical disease usually is 20--40 years. Although asbestos is no longer mined in the United States, the mineral is still imported, and a substantial amount of asbestos remaining in buildings eventually will be removed, either during remediation or d...