In this paper we propose to use ICA as a dimension reduction technique for microarray data. All microarray studies present a dimensionality challenge to the researcher: the number of dimensions (genes/spots on the microarray) is many times larger than the number of samples, or arrays. Any subsequent analysis must deal with this dimensionality problem by either reducing the dimension of the data...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this 14-day parallel, double blind clinical trial was to evaluate the tooth whitening efficacy of a 9% hydrogen peroxide gel (Colgate Visible White) relative to a 20% carbamide peroxide gel (Opalescence) positive control. METHODS Forty-six consenting adults were randomly assigned to use one of the two products. All participants had 6 unrestored maxillary anterior teet...

BACKGROUND Bacteria associated with marine invertebrates are a rich source of bioactive metabolites. OBJECTIVE The effects of marine bacteria extracts on pigmentation were investigated to find novel whitening agents. METHODS The marine bacteria collected near Gangwha Island in Korea were isolated and extracted using organic solvent. The organic extracts were screened and selected using the ...

BACKGROUND This study investigated the effects of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) combined with 1.5% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (CPP-ACPF) on color and microhardness of enamel. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seventy-five bovine incisors were immersed in a tea solution for 7.5 days. The specimens were randomly divided into five groups according to...

AIM To investigate whether retinal changes in children with severe malaria affect visual acuity 1 month after systemic recovery. METHODS All children with severe malaria admitted to a research ward in Malawi during one malaria season were examined by direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy. Visual acuity was tested in those attending follow up by Cardiff cards, Sheridan-Gardiner single letters, or...

Coal mining at deep levels can cause mine water inrush and groundwater contamination, making it important to accurately rapidly identify the source. In this study, 52 samples were extracted from three types of aquifers in Linhuan area, China. The sample components Na + K , Ca 2+ Mg HCO 3 − Cl SO 4 2− measured experiment, used as evaluation variables, piecewise function equation was established ...

The examination of racial classification in Brazil reveals the popularity of the ambiguous moreno and the affirmative negro terms, both non-census terms. Using national survey data, we examine propensities to classify under either of these terms and how educational level, age, sex and local racial composition structure their choice. We find, for example, that low education is positively correla...