Two pathogens co-infecting a common host can either interact positively (facilitation), negatively (competition) or act independently. A correlative study has suggested that two pathogens of the honey bee, Nosema ceranae and Deformed wing virus (DWV), interact negatively within a host (Costa et al., 2011). To test this hypothesis, we sequentially co-infected honey bees with these pathogens in a...

The honeybee pathogens Nosema ceranae and deformed wing virus (DWV) cause the collapse of honeybee colonies. Therefore, it is plausible that these two pathogens act synergistically to increase colony losses, since N.ceranae causes damage to the mid-gut epithelial ventricular cells and actively suppresses the honeybees' immune response, either of which could increase the virulence of viral patho...

We analyze the vacuum structure of N = 1/2 chiral supersymmetric theories in deformed superspace. In particular we study O’Raifeartaigh models with C-deformed superpotentials and canonical and non-canonical deformed Kähler potentials. We find conditions under which the vacuum configurations are affected by the deformations.

cage roll forming is one of the new methods of cold roll forming process which is widely used for producing erw pipes. in addition to less production cost and time, using cage roll forming provides smooth deformation on the strip. few studies can be found about cage roll forming because of its complexity, and the available knowledge is more experience-based and not science-based. in this paper,...

We apply the method of algebraic deformation to N-tuple of algebraic K3 surfaces. When N=3, we show that the deformed triplet of algebraic K3 surfaces exhibits a deformed hyperkähler structure. The deformation moduli space of this family of noncommutatively deformed K3 surfaces turns out to be of dimension 57, which is three times of that of complex deformations of algebraic K3 surfaces.

the effect of pre-existing nano sized precipitates on the mechanisms and rate of grain refinement has been investigated during the severe plastic deformation. a binary al–0.2sc alloy, containing coherent al3sc particles, of 3.62 nm in diameter has been deformed by accumulative roll bonding up to 10 cycles. the resulting deformed structures were quantitatively analyzed using electron backscatter...

A two-parameter deformed superoscillator system with SUq1/q2(n | m)-covariance is presented and used to construct a two-parameter deformed N = 2 SUSY algebra. The Fock space representation of the algebra is discussed and the deformed Hamiltonian for such generalized superoscillators is obtained.

Deformed parabose and parafermi algebras are revised and endowed with Hopf structure in a natural way. The noncocommutative coproduct allows for construction of parastatistics Fock-like representations, built out of the simplest deformed bose and fermi representations. The construction gives rise to quadratic algebras of deformed anomalous commutation relations which define the generalized Gree...

The aim of these two papers (I and II) is to try to give fundamental concepts of quantum kinematics to q-deformed quantum spaces. Paper I introduces the relevant mathematical concepts. A short review of the basic ideas of q-deformed analysis is given. These considerations are continued by introducing q-deformed analogs of Fourier transformations and delta functions. Their properties are discuss...