Radiographic inspection is a well-established testing method to detect weld defects. However, interpretation of radiographic films is a difficult task. The reliability of such interpretation and the expense of training suitable experts have allowed that the efforts being made towards automation in this field. In this paper, we describe an automatic detection system to recognise welding defects ...

Abstract Nanoscale materials modified by crystal defects exhibit significantly different behaviours upon chemical reactions such as oxidation, catalysis, lithiation and epitaxial growth. However, unveiling the exact defect-controlled reaction dynamics (e.g. oxidation) at atomic scale remains a challenge for applications. Here, using in situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy first...

Friction surfacing is an emerging solid-state coating technology based on frictional heat induced plastic deformation at the tip of a consumable metallic stud that allows to deposit layers with fine-grained recrystallized microstructure temperatures below melting point. The generation sound, defect-free metallurgical joints between multiple adjacent overlapping friction deposits, also referred ...

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the use of Polypropylene mesh (Prolene) and Sepramesh, a coated Polypropylene mesh with a protective layer of Seprafilm on its visceral side, for the repair of abdominal wall defects in horses. We also aimed to quantify the consequent visceral adhesion and tissue inflammatio Design: Experimental study. Animals: Ten horses. Methods: The horses w...

Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are widely accepted treatments for early colorectal neoplasms, but complications such as bleeding or perforation are often encountered, especially when the lesions being resected are large in size [1,2]. The closure of the mucosal defect reduces the risk of these complications [3,4]. Here, we report an effective techn...

A photo-crosslinked polystyrene (PS) thin film is investigated as a potential guiding sub-layer for polystyrene-block-poly (methyl methacrylate) block copolymer (BCP) cylindrical nanopattern formation via topographic directed self-assembly (DSA). When compared to a non-crosslinked PS brush sub-layer, the photo-crosslinked PS sub-layer provided longer correlation lengths of the BCP nanostructure...

Ion-implantation-induced extended defect formation and annealing processes have been studied in GaAs. Mg, Be, Si, Ge, and Sn ions were implanted between 40 and 185 keV over the dose range of 1 X 10t3-1 X 1015/cm2. Furnace annealing after capping with S&N4 was performed between 700 and 900 “C for times between 5 min and 10 h. Plan-view and crosssectional transmission electron microscopy results ...

A four-year-old boy presented with a solitary bone cyst in the odontoid process and body of the axis. Plain radiographs showed a radiolucent lesion with extreme thinning of the cortex and MRI demonstrated a high signal intensity in the interlesional matrix. The cystic component extended into the body of the axis through a defect in the epiphyseal plate. At operation, the cavity of the cyst was ...