BACKGROUND When shared by people who inject drugs, needles and syringes with different dead space may affect the probability of HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission differently. METHODS We measured dead space in 56 needle and syringe combinations obtained from needle and syringe programs across 17 countries in Europe and Asia. We also calculated the amounts of blood and HIV that would...

investigations are carried out to evaluate the performance of a low heat rejection (lhr) diesel engine consisting of air gap insulated piston with 3-mm air gap, with superni (an alloy of nickel) crown and air gap insulated liner with superni insert with different operating conditions of crude jatropha oil with varied injection timing and injection pressure.  performance parameters of brake ther...

A 96-hour bioassay was conducted using the water soluble fraction of a Nigerian light crude oil sample on Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 mls of water soluble fractions (WSF) of the oil were added to 1000 litres of de-chlorinated tap water to form 0, 25, 50 , 75 and 100 parts per million representing treatments 1 to 5 respectively. Each treatment had two replicates with ...

Ancient Maya believed in life after death. They used to prepare dead bodies during burial ceremonies whose purpose was celebrate the and help them passing through way from earthly beyond one. Bodies preparation included coloured scented body ointment application, with a deep symbolic connotation probably also conservative purpose. The aim of this research characterize pigments binders by ancien...

The larvicidal effect of the essential oil nanoemulsions Curcuma xanthorrhiza (known as ginger java) in Aedes aegypti species. For this, they were collected plants C. Luís, MA and, later, separated leaves from their respective branches. was obtained by means hydrodistillation dragging a steam at temperature 100ºC for 3 hours. prepared using phase inversion method. chemical constituents quantifi...

Using the threshold equalizing noise (TEN) test, 49 subjects with at least two pure-tone thresholds per ear greater than 50 dB HL and none greater than 80 dB HL were evaluated for the presence or absence of dead regions. The purpose of this study was to (1) assess the prevalence of cochlear dead regions in this clinical population, (2) measure whether listeners with dead regions performed diffe...