In this work the electrochemical disinfection of the effluent of a secondary wastewater treatment plant is investigated. In the experimental work, performed on-site with real effluents of the WWTP located in Vuelta Ostrera (Cantabria, Spain), boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes were employed. The initial concentration of E. coli in the effluent of the WWTP varied in the range 1.3 x 10⁴-5.2 x 1...

The National Center for Biomedical Ontology is a consortium that comprises leading informaticians, biologists, clinicians, and ontologists, funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Roadmap, to develop innovative technology and methods that allow scientists to record, manage, and disseminate biomedical information and knowledge in machine-processable form. The goals of the Center are (1...

Manganese dioxide (MnO2) is a Mn deposit widely accumulated in the corrosion layer of pipelines, and iodide (I−) halogen ion frequently detected waters. The biofilm dwelling on scales often secretes extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) into drinking water. paper aimed to study I− oxidation by MnO2 iodinated disinfection byproducts (I-DBPs) formation with EPS as precursor. More than 93% form...

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of essential oil inhalation on the 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and salivary cortisol level in 83 prehypertensive and hypertensive subjects. The experimental group (n = 28) was asked to inhale an essential oil blended with lavender, ylang-ylang, marjoram, and neroli (20 : 15 : 10 : 2), whereas the placebo group (n = 27) was asked t...

Chemical disinfection of water supplies brings significant public health benefits by reducing microbial contamination. The process can however, result in the formation of toxic compounds through interactions between disinfectants and organic material in the source water. These new compounds are termed disinfection by-products (DBPs). The most common are the trihalomethanes (THMs) such as trichl...

Free chlorine has been used extensively as a primary and secondary disinfectant for potable water. Where it is difficult to maintain a free chlorine residual or when disinfection by-products (DBPs) are of concern, monochloramine has been used to provide a stable disinfectant residual in distributions systems. Reactions of disinfectants, free chlorine or monochloramine, with natural organic matt...

Haloacetamides (HAcAms), an emerging class of nitrogenous disinfection by-products (N-DBPs) of health concern, have been frequently identified in drinking waters. It has long been appreciated that free amino acids (AAs), accounting for a small fraction of the dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) pool, can form dichloroacetamide (DCAcAm) during chlorination. However, the information regarding the im...

The interaction of proteins with their respective DNA targets is known to control many high-fidelity cellular processes. Performing a comprehensive survey of the sequenced genomes for DNA-binding proteins (DBPs) will help in understanding their distribution and the associated functions in a particular genome. Availability of fully sequenced genome of Arabidopsis thaliana enables the review of d...

BACKGROUND There is inconclusive evidence from observational studies that disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water are associated with colorectal cancer. METHODS A literature search, without language or time limits, was performed to identify relevant case-control and cohort studies. Separate risk estimates for colon and rectal cancer were extracted from studies meeting the inclusion ...

We present a set of four parameters that in combination can predict DNA-binding residues on protein structures to a high degree of accuracy. These are the number of evolutionary conserved residues (N(cons)) and their spatial clustering (ρ(e)), hydrogen bond donor capability (D(p)) and residue propensity (R(p)). We first used these parameters to characterize 130 interfaces in a set of 126 DNA-bi...